英语：英语：Unit2Growing pains教案（教案（6） （译林牛津版（译林牛津版必修必修 1）一. 教学内容：Unit 2 Growing Pains （II）二. 教学目标：掌握 Unit 2 语法定语从句三. 教学重难点：掌握介词关系代词引导的定语从句掌握关系副词引导的定语从句（一）定语从句复习用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子1. The book is mine. He is reading the book.The book (which/that) he is reading is mine.2. I like the girl. The girl is wearing a red skirt.I like the girl who is wearing a red skirt.3. She is the student. We saw her yesterday.She is the student (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday.4. The athlete is a famous runner. You talked to him.The athlete who you talked to is a famous runner.5. I have lost the book. He gave me it yesterday.I have lost the book (which/that) he gave me yesterday.6. I have seen the film. You talked it about last night.I have seen the film (which/that) you talked about last night.7. I threw the chair. Its legs are broken.I threw the chair whose legs are broken.（二）介词关系代词引导的定语从句用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子1. This is the teacher. Weve learned a lot from her.This is the teacher (whom/who/that) weve learned a lot from.This is the teacher from whom weve learned a lot.2. The policeman is a friend of mine. Mr Henry is talking with him in the office.The policeman (who/that/whom) Mr Henry is talking with in the office is a friend of mine.The policeman with whom Mr Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine.3. The ladder began to slip. I was standing on the ladder.The ladder (which/that) I was standing on began to slip.The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.4. Great changes are taking place in the city. They live in the city.Great changes are taking place in the city (which/that) they live in.Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live.5. This is the library. I borrowed Harry Potter from this library.This is the library (which/that) I borrowed Harry Potter from.This is the library from which I borrowed Harry Potter.总结：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，介词可提至关系代词前，构成“介词which/whom 从句”结构。注意：（1）介词提前时，关系代词不可省略；（2）介词提前时，只能用“介词+which” （指事物）以及“介词+whom” （指人）结构，此时不能用 that 或 who。（3）当关系代词作 look after, look for, take care of 等不能拆开使用的短语动词的宾语时，介词不能提前。eg. 这是我们进行了很多讨论的问题。This is the question about which weve had so much discussion.我跟他说话的那个人是个老师。The man to whom I spoke is a teacher.关系代词前介词的确定1. 动词与介词的搭配e.g. The city _ which I live is a beautiful one.2. 形容词与介词的固定搭配e.g. Youd better not bring your child to see the animals _ which he is afraid.3. 先行词与介词的搭配习惯e.g. 1949 was the year_ which the P.R.C. was founded.KEY: in, of, in典型例题1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ we cant live.答案：答案：without which We cant live without the heat and the light. 意为我们离开了光和热就不能生存。指物用 which2. The student _ we were talking just now is the best student in our class.答案：答案：about whom talk about sb 谈论某人，指人用 whom3. Ill never forget the day _ she said goodbye to me.答案：答案：on which She said goodbye to me on the day. 指物用 which4. Who can give me the reason _ he hasnt turned up yet?答案：答案：for which reason 固定与介词 for 搭配。指物用 which5. Is that the newspaper _you often write articles?答案：答案：for which write articles for the newspaper 意为为报刊写文章。指物用 which6. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms_ Im not sure.答案：答案：about which Im not sure about the idioms. 意为不确定的习语。指物用 which（三）关系副词 when, where, why 的用法1. Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live.Great changes are taking place in the city where they live.2. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.1949 was the year when the P.R.C. was founded.3. Who can give me the reason for which he hasnt turned up yet?Who can give me the reason why he hasnt turned up yet?关系副词都等于一个适当的介词which，在从句中作状语1. when 在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which） ”。Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.= Ill never forget the day on which I joined the league.2. where 在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which） ”。This is the house where I lived two years ago.= This is the house in which I lived two years ago.3. why 在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词 for+ 关系代词（which） ”。Do you know the reason why she was late?= Do you know the reason for which she was late.when=in/at/on/+which;where=in/at/on/+which;why=for /+which注：区分关系副词与关系代词的区别。只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词注：区分关系副词与关系代词的区别。只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词。你还记得我们一起去参观博物馆的那一天吗？Do you still remember the day when (on which) we went to visit the museum together?这是我父亲曾经工作过的工厂。This is the factory where (in which) my father once worked.这就是他愤怒的理由。This is the reason why (for which) he was angry.关系副词引导的定语从句作用：1、在定语从句中替代先行词。2、在从句中担任状语成分，起副词和介词短语的作用。3、起连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。关系词关系词Who人主/宾Whom人宾Which物主/宾关系代词That人或物主/宾/表Whose人或物定语Where地点When时间关系副词 Why原因状语【典型例题典型例题】1、The continent _ I visited last year was not the one _ I once worked.A. which; where B. which; which C. where; which D. where; where答案：答案：A 这里有两个定语从句，第一个是_ I visited last year，先行词为continent,这里缺少关系词，关系词在从句中做宾语，所以用 which；第二个定语从句是_ I once worked，这里的关系词在从句中做状语而不是宾语，因为我们不能说 I worked the one(the continent)，所以用 where。所以选 A。【模拟试题模拟试题】 （答题时间