高考化学与碱反应的方程式总结高考化学与碱反应的方程式总结碱1、低价态的还原性：4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)32、与酸性物质的作用：2NaOH+SO2(少量)=Na2SO3+H2OOH+SO2=SO32+H2ONaOH+SO2(足)=NaHSO3OH-+SO2(足)=HSO32NaOH+SiO2=Na2SiO3+H2OOH-+SiO2=SiO32+H2O2NaOH+Al2O3=2NaAlO2+H2O2OH-+Al2O3=2AlO2+H2O2KOH+Cl2=KCl+KClO+H2OCl2+2OH=Cl+ClO+H2ONaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2OH+OH=H2ONaOH+H2S(足)=NaHS+H2OOH+H2S=HS+H2O2NaOH+H2S(少量)=Na2S+2H2O2OH+H2S=S2+2H2O3NaOH+AlCl3=Al(OH)3+3NaCl3OH+Al3+=Al(OH)3NaOH+Al(OH)3=NaAlO2+2H2O(AlCl3 和 Al(OH)3 哪个酸性强?)OH+Al(OH)3=AlO2+2H2OCa(OH)2+2NH4Cl2CaCl2+2NH3+2H2O(实验室制 NH3)NaOH+NH4ClNaCl+NH3+H2OMg(OH)2+2NH4Cl=MgCl2+2NH3H2O(Al(OH)3+NH4Cl 不溶解)Ba(OH)2+H2SO4=BaSO4+2H2O2H+2OH+Ba2+SO42=BaSO42H2O3、不稳定性:Mg(OH)2MgO+H2O2Al(OH)3Al2O3+3H2O2Fe(OH)3Fe2O3+3H2OCu(OH)2CuO+H2O2AgOH=Ag2O+H2O