2012 年同等学力英语冲刺练习及详解（十四） 阅读理解： A quality education is the ultimate liberator. It can free people from poverty，giving them the power to greatly improve their lives and take a productive place in society. It can also free communities and countries，allowing them to leap forward into periods of wealth and social unity that otherwise would not be possible. For this reason，the international community has committed itself to getting all the worlds children into primary school by 2015，a commitment known as Education for All. Can education for all be achieved by 2015？The answer is definitely“yes” ，although it is a difficult task. If we know measure the goal in terms of children successfully completing a minimum of five years of primary school，instead of just enrolling for classes，which used to be the measuring stick for education，then the challenge becomes even more difficult. Only 32 countries were formerly believed to be at risk of not achieving education for all on the basis of enrollment rates. The number rises to 88 if completion rates are used as the criterion. Still，the goal is achievable with the right policies and the right support from the international community. 59 of the 88 countries at risk can reach universal primary completion by 2015 if they bring the efficiency and quality of their education systems into line with standards observed in higher-performing systems. They also need significant increases in external financing and technical support. The 29 countries lagging farthest behind will not reach the goal without unprecedented rates of progress. But this is attainable with creative solution，including use of information technologies，flexible and targeted foreign aid，and fewer people living in poverty.A key lesson of experience about what makes development effective is that a countrys capacity to use aid well depends heavily on its policies，institutions and management. Where a country scores well on these criteria，foreign assistance can be highly effective. NextPage 51. In the first paragraph，the author suggests that a quality education can . A. free countries from foreign rules B. speed up social progress C. give people freedom D. liberate people from any exploitation 52. Ideally，the goal of the program of Education for All is to by 2015. A. get all the worlds children to complete primary school B. enroll all the worlds children into primary school C. give quality education to people of 88 countries D. support those committed to transforming their education systems 53. countries are now at risk of not achieving education for all on the basis of completion rates. A. 32 B. 59C. 29D. 88 54. According to the passage，which of the following is NOT mentioned as the right policy？ A. Raising the efficiency of education systems. B. Improving the quality of education. C. Using information technologies. D. Building more primary school.55. As can be gathered from the last paragraph，foreign aid . A. may not be highly effective B. is provided only when some criteria are met C. alone makes development possible D. is most effective for those countries lagging farthest behind NextPage答案解析： 素质教育是最根本的解放。它可以使人们摆脱贫困，赋予他们力量来极大地改善他们的生 活，从事社会生产工作。素质教育还可以解放社会和国家，使它们向前跨入富裕和社会统 一的时期，除此之外则不可能达到这种效果。 基于此原因，国际社会承诺：到 2015 年时，要使全世界所有儿童都能完成小学教育，这个 承诺就是所谓的“全民教育” 。 到 2015 年时， “全民教育”能够实现吗？回答肯定是“能” ，尽管这是一个非常艰巨的任务。 如果我们晓得衡量这个目标的依据是儿童顺利完成最少五年的小学学业，而不只是班级的 报名人数这是我们过去衡量教育的标准，那么，这个挑战就会变得更加困难。目前只 有 32 个国家被认为即使根据报名人数也有可能实现不了“全民教育”的目标。如果把完成 学业率作为衡量标准的话，那么这个数字就会上升为 88 个。 尽管如此，只要采取正确的政策，得到国际社会的支持，这个目标的实现仍然是可行的。 到 2015 年，88 个不太可能完成该目标的国家中的 59 个可以实现普及小学教育的目标，如 果他们使其教育体系的效率和质量达到教育水平更高的体系所遵守的标准。这些国家也需 要极大的外部筹资和技术支援。如果没有空前的发展，29 个远远落后的国家将无法达到该 目标。但是，如果有创造性的解决方案，包括使用信息技术，灵活的、目的明确的国际援 助以及更少的人生活在贫困中，实现该目标也是可行的。促使发展更有效的一个重要经验就是：国家的政策、制度和管理很大程度地决定了利用 外援的能力。在一个国家表现好的领域，外援就可能非常有效。 NextPage51. 【正确答案】B 【考点类型】细节判断 【解析过程】根据文章第 1 段，作者指出素质教育能够 。 A. 使国家摆脱国外规定的控制B. 加速社会的发展 C. 赋予人们自由D. 使人民摆脱任何剥削 线索：文章的第 1 段提到“.allowing them to leap forward into periods of wealth and social unity that otherwise would not be possible.”表明选项 B 是正确答案。选项 A，C 和 D 不正确 的原因都是一样，选项的内容和文章表达的内容不符合。文章第 1 段提到了“ultimate liberator”但并不表示它和自由有任何关系。所以，同学们要准确把握每一个关键单词的含 义。 【考点提示】文章的首段往往会提到一些非常关键的单词，尤其是抽象名词，这些单词的 含义并不是很明确，有的还很有迷惑性，建议同学们一定要把抽象名词具体化表达。52. 【正确答案】A 【考点类型】主旨目的推断 【解析过程】到 2015 年理想状态下全民教育项目的目标是 。 A. 帮助所有孩子们能完成小学教育B. 招收所有孩子到小学上学 C. 将素质教育赋予 88 个国家的人民 D. 支持那些致力于改变他们教育体系的国家 线索：文章的第 2 段提到“For this reason，the international community has committed itself to getting all the worlds children into primary school by 2015，a commitment known as Education for All.”表明选项 A 是正确答案。选项 B 是以前教育目的的衡量标准，在原文 的第 3 段提到“instead of just enrolling for classes，which used to be the measuring stick for education” 。选项 C 的错误是偷换概念，全世界的孩子不等于 88 个国家。 【考点提示】题干中有些关键词是“不用关注” ，比如该选项 ideally，或者表示 probably 大 概含义的单词，因为选项中是不存在大概、或许的概念。53. 【正确答案】D 【考点类型】数字计算 【解析过程】根据完成的比率，有多少国家处于不能完成教育的危险之中 。 A. 32B. 59C. 29D. 88 线索：文章的第 3 段提到“The number ris