摘 要I致病菌细胞的近红外光谱鉴别方法研究致病菌细胞的近红外光谱鉴别方法研究食品与生物工程学院 荣宗有指导教师 刘建学摘 要近红外光谱检测技术是近年来发展最快的检测技术之一，具有无损、快速、高效、方便和环保的特点。本文以对数生长期的沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌等致病菌为研究对象，考察近红外光对致病菌细胞的作用。分析致病菌细胞的近红外光谱的图谱，利用基于主成分分析技术的投影判别分析对致病菌细胞的鉴别方法进行研究，得到了预期结果。1.无菌操作，采用平板划线分离培养法和选择性培养基对沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌分离培养进行研究。结果表明，用亚硫酸铋琼脂（BS）培养基、改良的MC Bride 琼脂（MMA）培养基可将沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌从杂菌中很好的分离开来。2.采用光电比浊法，对沙门氏菌的对数生长期进行研究。通过比较沙门氏菌的生长曲线图，研究其生长趋势，确定了沙门氏菌的对数生长期，最后选定 16h为沙门氏菌的培养时间。3.根据不同浓度梯度的沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌的全细胞、细胞壁和细胞质的近红外光谱图谱，利用基于主成分分析技术的投影判别分析，研究两种菌的近红外光谱鉴别方法。结果表明，不论是利用全细胞、细胞壁还是细胞质的近红外光谱分析，都可以将大肠杆菌和单增李斯特菌区分开来。关 键 词：近红外光谱、沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌、主成分投影分析、 鉴别方法摘 要IIResearch on the near-infrared spectrum detection limit of Pathogenic bacteria cellsCollege of Food and Biological Engineering Rong zongyouTutor Liu jianxueABSTRACTNear-Infrared spectroscopy detection technique is one of the fast developing technology，which is nondestructive, fast, efficient, convenient and environmentally friendly. This thesis explores the action mechanisms of near-infrared spectroscopy in the detection of pathogenic bacteria and analyses the near-infrared spectral of pathogenic bacteria cells, taking Salmonella and L.monocytogenes as the research objects which were in the logarithmic growth phase. Using projection discriminant analysis based on PCA , the pathogen bacteria cells were authenticated ,as well as got the expected result.1. Under aseptic condition, using the methods of Plate crossed separation and Selective culture medium research the isolation and culture of Salmonella and L.monocytogenes. The results showed that，Salmonella and L.monocytogenes can be easily identified from Mixed bacteria With bismuth sulfite agar (BS) medium, modified MC Bride agar (MMA) medium.2. Taking the use of photoelectric turbidimetry, the logarithmic growth phase of Salmonella and L.monocytogenes was researched. In this study, the growth curves of Salmonella and L.monocytogenes were compared to their growth chart, from which we can see the growth trend of Salmonella and L.monocytogenes. The logarithmic growth phase of Salmonella and L.monocytogenes can be determinated. At last, 16h was selected to the Salmonella culture time and 18h for the L.monocytogenes culture time.3. A study about the near-infrared on the distinction method and the examination limit of both pathogenic bacteria cells had been carried out, using the projection discriminant analysis which is based on principal component analysis. According to the different concentration gradient of near infrared spectra of the Salmonella and L.monocytogenes entire cell、cell wall and cytoplasmic, the Salmonella and L.monocytogenes can be distinguished.摘 要IIIKEY WORDS：Near-Infrared spectroscopy, Salmonella, L.monocytogenes, PCA, Identification method目 录IV目 录前 言 .1第 1 章 文献综述 .21.1 沙门氏菌的概论.21.1.1 沙门氏菌的病原学特性.21.1.2 沙门氏菌的发病机理.31.1.3 沙门氏菌的临床症状.31.2 单增李斯特菌的简介.31.3 有害致病菌检测技术的概述.31.3.1 色谱技术.41.3.2 化学比色法.41.3.3 近红外光谱检测技术.51.4 近红外光谱概论.51.4.1 近红外光谱分析技术的原理.61.4.2 近红外光谱分析技术的应用.6第 2 章 沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌分离培养的研究 .52.1 前言.52.2 材料.52.2.1 菌种.52.2.2 试剂.52.2.3 培养基.62.2.4 试验仪器.72.3 试验方法.