公共英语三级阅读模拟试题及解析公共英语三级阅读模拟试题及解析Students of United States history, seeking to identify thecircumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, havethoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic andsocial condition that affected the status of women. These historians,however, have analyzed less fully the development of specificallyfeminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore, theideological origins of feminism in the United State have been obscuredbecause, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideasand activities occurring within the United States, they failed torecognize that feminism was then a truly international movement actuallycentered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been describedas “solitary” and “individual theorists” were in reality connectedto a movement utopian socialism which was already popularizingfeminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culminated in thefirst womens rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848.Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and development ofnineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that thegeographical focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailedstudy already made of social conditions be expanded to include theideological development of feminism.The earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were theSaint-Simonians. The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has,however, been less studied than the groups contribution to earlysocialism. This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was thecentral concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherentsenergy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians havemisunderstood Saint-Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas canbe traced to saint-simonianism European historians appreciation oflater feminism in France and the United States remained limited.Saint-Simons followers, many of whom were women, based theirfeminism on an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe byreplacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. The new worldorder would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and afemale, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflects the factthat, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there wereinnate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw anequally important social and political role for both sexes in theirutopia.Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equalitybased on gender distinction. This minority believe that individuals ofboth sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribedmale-female differences to socialization and education. The envisionedresult of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enterpublic life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men aswell as women with an improved way of life.1. It can be inferred that the author consider those historians whodescribe early feminists in the United States as “solitary” to beA insufficiently familiar with the international origins ofnineteenth-century American feminist thought.B overly concerned with the regional diversity of feminist ideasin the period before 1848.C not focused narrowly enough in their geographical scope.D insufficiently aware of the ideological consequences of theSeneca Falls conference.2. The authors attitude toward European historians who have studiedthe Saint-Simonians is primarily one ofA approval of the specific focus of their research.B disapproval of their lack of attention to the issue that absorbedmost of the Saint-Simonians energy after 1832.C approval of their general focus on social conditions.D disapproval of their lack of attention to links between theSaint-Simonians and their American counterparts.3. The author mentions all of the following as characteristic of theSaint-Simonians EXCEPTA The group included many women among its members.B The group believed in a world that would be characterized by sexualequality.C The group was among the earliest European socialist groups.D Most members believed that women and men were inherently similarin ability and character.4. It can be inferred from the text that the Saint-Simoniansenvisioned a utopian society having which of the followingcharacteristics?A It would be worldwide.B It would emphasize dogmatic religious principles.C It would most influence the United States.D It would have armies composed of women rather than of men.5. According to the text, which of the following would be the mostaccurate description of the society envisioned by most Saint-Simonians?A A society in which women were highly regarded for their extensiveeducation.B A society in which the two genders played complementary roles andhad equal status.C A society in which women did not enter public life.D A social order in whic