状语从句与分词作状语的转换状语从句与分词作状语的转换时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是有条件的，也有一定的规律可循。 一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。如：一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。如： They did not go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do 由于从句的主语与主句的主语都是 they，可以把从句中 because 和 they 去掉，把 had 变成 having，即成现 在分词短语作原因状语： Having a lot of work to do，they did not go to the Summer Palace 二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。 1When he heard a cry for help，he rushed out 从句中，he was 与 heard 是主动关系，表示“他听见”。则可变成现在分词作时间状语。 Hearing a cry for help，he rushed out 2The boy Cater went up to his teacher and said“sorry”because he was great-ly touched by his words 从句中，he was touched 是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”，则变成过去分词作原因状语。Greatly touched by his teachers words，the boy laterwent up to him and said“sorry” 三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例：三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例： 1As the heroes deeds moved them deeply，they decided to study even harder 句中，主句的主语是 they，而从句主语是 the heroesdeeds，主语不一致，这时可以把从句变换一下句型， 变成被动语态。即成 As they were deeplymoved by the heroesdeeds从句的主语与主句的主语都是 they，就可转换成： Deeply moved by the heroesdeeds，they decided to study even harder 下列的句子中主语也是不同的。 2The professor came into the lab；a group of students followed him 这是两个简单句，如果中间加个 and 也可看成并列句。但主语不同，可以先把第二句变成：He was followed by a group of students全句就转换成： Followed by a group of students，the professor came into the lab 四、如果看不出有从句，该怎么办？请看下例：四、如果看不出有从句，该怎么办？请看下例： He recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years before，so he wentover to say hello to him 这句中，看不出有从句。so 是并列连词，表示“因此，于是”等意思。这样一来，前面那一句就有表示原 因的意味。这一句可以改写为： Because he recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years before，he went over to say hello to him 变成一个原因状语从句，即可转换成现在分词作原因状语。Recognizing the man 许多有 and 或没有 and 的并列句，只要主语一致，往往可能换成分词作伴随状语。如： The students went home from school；they talked and laughed可转换成： Talking and laughing，the students went home from school 五、如何判断要不要有一个五、如何判断要不要有一个 Being？如：？如： As he was very old，he had to give up his teaching 可转换成：Being very old，he had to give up his teaching再看下例： As he was moved by the story，he decided to learn from the heroes 则转换成：Moved by the story，he decided to learn from the heroes而不是 Being moved 为什么呢？原来前面的那一句的 was 是系动词（link verb），后面跟的是表语（形容词或名词）。又如： As he was an engineer，he knew exactly what to do an engineer是名词作表语，即可转换成： Being an engineer，he knew exactly what to do而后面那一句的被动语态 was 是助动词，只需过去分词就可 以了。但英语中有许多过去分词已经形容词化了，如 be interested in（对感兴趣），be excited（因激动） 等，往往表示一个状语，则仍需加 Being。如： As he was filled with new ideas，the young man invented many kinds of mod-ern machines 如果把 be filled with 理解为 be full of 是一种状态，则可转换成 being filledwith，如果把 be filled 理解为 单纯的被动，则转换成 Filled with new ideas二者都可。 但下句：As the room was filled with many people，it became hotter andhotter 这是纯粹表示被动的，则只能转换成： Filled with many people，the room 六、有时，还要考虑到时态的变化。如：六、有时，还要考虑到时态的变化。如： The children went out to play after they had finished their homework 由于有时间的先后，从句的动作发生在前，主句的动作发生在后，因此，要用现在分词的完成式作时间状 语。即： Having finished their homework，the children went out to play 如果是表示一个既完成又被动的动作，可以用现在分词的完成被动式。如： As she had been given such a good chance，how could she let it slip away？ 可转换成：Having been given such a goodchance但往往简化成过去分词作原因状语 Given such a good chance， 因为过去分词本身就表示完成、被动的，但似乎用现在分词的完成被动式更正式也更强调些。