上海交通大学硕士学位论文基于ATCA的电信多标准通用平台软件设计与实现姓名：陈章毅申请学位级别：硕士专业：软件工程指导教师：尤晋元;马宏博20091101基于 ATCA 的电信多标准通用平台软件设计与实现 I 基于基于 ATCA 的电信多标准通用平台软件设计与实现的电信多标准通用平台软件设计与实现 摘 要 目前电信产品的竞争越来越激烈，从阿尔卡特与朗讯、诺基亚和西门子的合并，到摩托罗拉的衰落和北电的破产，无不显示着竞争的残酷。如何使产品更具竞争力是放在所有电信设备供应商面前的问题。目前席卷全球的经济危机，又导致的运营商投资的减少。如何降低产品成本、提高价格优势是厂商生存的关键。 当前是一个各种技术标准混战的时代。以无线网络为例，各种标准同台竞技。GSM 的市场开始减小，但绝对规模仍然很大。CDMA 市场下降很快，但仍然是几个主要供应商的利润来源。3G 市场正在发展，今年国内市场开放了三个 3G 标准网络（TD-SCDMA，WCDMA，CDMA2000），引得各个供应商对各种标准无论是自己开发或者相互合作，都希望提供自己的产品。WiMAX 技术在北美和其它一些地方有一定的市场。新兴的 LTE 标准也有 LTE-FDD与 LTE-TDD 两种规范，谁都希望在运营商的实验网中取得领先地位为未来做好准备。 在这种情况下，几乎所有厂家都希望通过将各个产品线的产品使用通用平台来实现。ATCA 硬件平台标准已经被很多厂商所接受。本文研究的重点是如何在 ATCA 硬件平台上，结合符合 CGL 规范的操作系统和符合 SA 论坛规范的高可靠中间件，建立一个可以支持电信多标准应用软件的通用软件平台。该平台主要面向中大型的管理器设备，如无线接入网中的基站控制器等。 本文描述的通用平台采用分层架构，将系统分为操作系统、高可靠中间件、服务组件和通用平台接口四个层次。 其中操作系统选择符合电信级 Linux 规范的 Linux 操作系统。 中间件采用符合服务可用性论坛标准的高可靠中间件。所以本文的重点是服务组件和通用平台接口的设计和实现。 本文将服务组件功能划分为应用支持，高可靠，控制服务三大部分。应用支持主要提供平台的平台的一些基础服务，如 Trace/Log 功能，时间同步，简单的硬件运行状态报告（CPU负载，内存使用情况等）等。高可靠服务包括软件和硬件两个方面：软件方面提供通用平台与应用软件集成的框架，以及对通用平台软件进程和应用软件进程的监控和管理；硬件方面包括对平台上硬件的监控和告警管理。控制服务组件也包含软硬两方面，负责提供软件版本升级的控制和对硬件操作的服务。本文还对通用平台的非功能性属性进行了分析，并提出满基于 ATCA 的电信多标准通用平台软件设计与实现 II 足通用平台的非功能性属性要求架构风格设计。 在服务组件的参考实现中，高可靠服务的软件部分实现为进程管理服务模块（PMS）；高可靠服务的硬件监控部分与控制服务的硬件配置部分相结合，组成硬件管理模块（HWM）；控制服务的软件升级管理部分实现为软件管理模块（SWM）。 通用平台接口（CPI）作为应用软件的代理服务器，负责将应用程序消息到内部服务接口的转换，增强服务组件的重用性。 本文最后对整个通用平台的软件架构的设计和实现进行了总结， 给出从老的私有平台移植本文研究的通用平台的实例和负载测试结果。另外，展望了通用平台未来的发展和下一步研究工作。 关键词 ATCA，通用平台，软件架构，CGL，SA 中间件 基于 ATCA 的电信多标准通用平台软件设计与实现 III DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SOFTWARE OF ATCA BASED MULTI-STANDARD PLATFORM ABSTRACT The competition in telecommunication industry is very tough in recent days. Due to the global economic crisis, most of the telecom network operators reduce their investment. The question about how to reduce the cost of the product to keep a good profit is in front of each telecom network element provider. For example of radio access network, three generations (2G, 3G and LTE) and different technologies in each generation are competing with each other. Although GSM market begins to go down, it is still the biggest one. CDMA market reduces very quickly but it still provides much profit for certain companies. 3G market is going up. China has delivered the license of three standards (TD-SCDMA, WCDMA, CDMA2000) this year, and every provider would like to provide the product by itself or by cooperation. As the standard from USA, WiMAX also has market in North America and some other places. LTE, the next generation of the radio network is coming, and it has two standards: LTE-FDD and LTE-TDD. No one can ignore LTE, because it is the Future. In this situation, every company wants to use the common platform for all their product lines. ATCA hardware platform standard has already been accepted by many companies. The target of this paper is to study how to base on ATCA hardware platform to build a carrier grade common software platform to support multi-standard application. The platform is targeting the controller equipments, e.g. the Base Station Controller is GSM. The common software platform described in this paper is based on a layered architecture. It has four layers: operation system, high-availability middleware, service components and common platform interface. To simply the implementation, the OS high-availability middleware are base on 基于 ATCA 的电信多标准通用平台软件设计与实现 IV the standards: CGL standard compatible Linux operating system is selected as the OS, and the SA Forum standard compatible middleware is selected as the high-availability middleware. For different functional aspects, service components are divided in to three kinds: Application Support Service, High-Availability Service and Control Service. The Application Support Service components provide some basic services, e.g.: Trace/Log, time synchronization, etc. High-Availability Service can be divided into two aspects: in software aspect, it provides the framework to integrate the common platform and the application, and supervises the software processes; in hardware aspect, it provides the function to supervise the hardware. The Control Service also includes both software and hardware parts: software part is for the software upgrade management, and the hardware part provide the hardware operation services. The paper also analyses the non-functional requirement of the common platform and gives the solutions for how to reach the non-functional requirements in the design and implementation. In the implementation, the software part of the High-Availability Service becomes the Process Management Service module; the hardware supervision and hardware control functions merge to one Hardware Management module; the software upgrade control service is in Software Management module. As the proxy, Common Platform Interface is responsible for the conversion between Application message protocol and common platform internal message protocol. At the end of the paper, besides summarizing the design and imp