1主谓一致命题趋势与预测主谓一致命题趋势与预测根据对主谓一致部分全国各地试题的分析可知，今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为：1、主谓一致的语法一致原则2、主谓一致的整体一致原则3、主谓一致的就近一致原则4、主谓一致的意义一致原则5、主谓一致的附加原则【考点诠释考点诠释】一、由一、由or, either. or. , neither. nor. , not only.but also. , whether.or.等连接并列主语时等连接并列主语时,常采用就近原则常采用就近原则,动词与最靠近的主动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。语保持一致。 【考例】Not only Jim but also his sister _a few cities in the south since they came to China临沂市Awill visit B. has visited Chave visited D visited答案B 解析本题既考查时态，又考查并列连词 not only but also 的用法。由时间状语 since they came to China，可判断用现在完成时，排除 A、D 两项；not only but also 连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要用“就近原则。2Neither Jim nor his cousins _to America, but _of them know the country very well. 07 年潍坊市Ahave been；a11 B. have been; both C has been; all Dhas been; both答案B解析考查 neither nor 的用法，以及 both 与 all 的区别。neithernor 连接两个主语时，谓语用“就近原则” ，cousins 是复数，谓语用 have been，排除 C 和 D 项；指两者用 both。二、 the number of + 复数名词复数名词,主语是主语是the number(数量数量),谓语动词谓语动词 用单数用单数;a number of +复数名词复数名词,主语是复数名词主语是复数名词,a number of作定语作定语, 相当于相当于many,谓语动词用复数。谓语动词用复数。【考例】Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Square. A. are a number of deer B. are a number of sheepC. is a number of deer D. is a number of sheep答案：A。该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是 a number of deer, 是个复数概念，因此谓语动词应用复数形式。 （deer 单复数相同）The number of _ in our class _ fifty. (2004 山东烟台) A. student, is B. the students, areC. the students, is D. students, are答案: C命题立意：本题考查主谓一致的用法。试题解析：the number of 后接复数名词，作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选 C。3三、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单谓语动词常用单数形式。数形式。【考例】As the saying _,“Where there is a will; there is a way. “昆明市A. go B. goes C. going D. went答案B解析 the saying 为第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词用goes。但 what 从句作主语而表语是复数时,谓语动词常用复数。 What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。 四、四、and 连接的两个单数名词作主语。连接的两个单数名词作主语。【考例】 Trees and flowers _every year to make our country more beautiful. 陕西省A. is planted B. was planted C. are planted D. were planted答案C解析 every year 说明本句表示的是一般现在时的概念，去掉 B、D 项；trees and flowers 表达复数意义，所以选 C 项。五、表示时间、距离、金钱、体积或数字等的词语作主语且表示总、表示时间、距离、金钱、体积或数字等的词语作主语且表示总量时，谓语动词用单数。量时，谓语动词用单数。 【考例】 -How much _the shoes?4-Five dollars_ enough 年青岛市Ais；is B are；is Care；are Dis；are答案B 解析 答案为 B。shoes 作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式；five dollars 是一个整体，应按单数对待。 How time flies! Ten years _ passed. (2004 天津)A. have B. has C. is D. are答案：B。该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years 通常被看作是一个时间整体，谓语动词用单数形式。六、就近原则六、就近原则 -There_ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick?-All right, Mum. 福州市A. is B. are C. was D. were答案A解析本题考查“there be”句型中 be 的数及时态，be 在数上要与最近的主语保持一致.句子的主语是不可数名词，所以 be 应使用单数形式，B、D 两项可以排除。 Not only Jim but also his sister _a few cities in the south since they came to China07 临沂市Awill visit B. has visited Chave visited D visited5答案B 解析本题既考查时态，又考查并列连词 not only but also 的用法。由时间状语 since they came to China，可判断用现在完成时，排除 A、D 两项；not only but also 连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要用“就近原则。Neither Jim nor his cousins _to America, but _of them know the country very well. 07 年潍坊市Ahave been；a11 B. have been; both C has been; all Dhas been; both答案B解析考查 neither nor 的用法，以及 both 与 all 的区别。neithernor 连接两个主语时，谓语用“就近原则” ，cousins 是复数，谓语用 have been，排除 C 和 D 项；指两者用 both。主谓一致主谓一致1. 语法一致的原则2. 意义一致的原则3. 邻近一致的原则谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。在英语中，谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致，叫做主谓一致。通常采用下列三个原则来处理，即：语法形式一致的原则、逻辑意义一致的原则、就近（或毗邻）一致的原则。6一、语法形式一致的原则一、语法形式一致的原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。如：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。但须注意下列几种情况：1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例如： Much land has been deserted in this area in the past few years.在过去的几年中，这个地区的许多土地已经沙化。To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.开始吸烟很容易，但是要戒烟却需要勇气。Reading English newspapers is a good way of improving you English. 阅读英文报纸是提高你英语水平的好方法。What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。How you can get there is a problem. 你怎么到那儿去还是个问题。注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时，主句的谓语动词用复数 。例如：What I bought were three English books.我买的是三本英语书。What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。2、由and 或both.and来连接并列主语时，谓语用复数。例如：Swimming and walking are good exercises.游泳和散步都是好运动。7He and I were classmates when we were at college.他和我在上大学时是同学。Both John and Ann have got pen-friends.约翰和安都有笔友。Both and Yang Pei like sports.周兰和杨蓓都爱好体育。注意1）但是，并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式（这时and后的名词前没有冠词） 。例如：The manager and secretary was absent at the meeting.经理兼书记没有出席会议。The manager and the secretary are busy now.经理和书记现在都很忙。Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li.他们的老师和朋友是李先生。2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every或many a ，more than one修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我们国家里，每个男孩和女孩都有权利受教育。Each man and each woman is asked to help. 每个男士和妇女都被请来帮忙。Many a student is having practice in that