1中国海洋大学中国海洋大学 20112011 年硕士研究生入学考试模拟试题年硕士研究生入学考试模拟试题科目代码： 357 科目名称： 英语翻译基础英语翻译基础 -中国海洋大学中国海洋大学全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试英语翻译基础英语翻译基础模拟试题模拟试题I.Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30)1.CBD 2.CNN 3.DNA 4.DTV 5.FAO 6.GPS 7.IPR 8.ICRC 9.ISBN 10. World Anti-Doping Agency 11. International Bar Association 12. Synchronous Earth Observatory Satellite 13. foreign exchange reserve 14. export tax refunding system 15. International Dairy Federation 16. 孔庙 17. 三农 18. 核威慑 19. 优先股 20. 京剧脸谱 21. 走私文物 22. 弱势群体 23. 人才市场 24. 生态农业 25. 安居工程 26. 中国大陆 27. 再就业工程 28. 人民币汇率 29. 黑社会性质组织230. 和平共处五项原则II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120) Source Text 1: The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go. For life is a paradox: it enjoins us to cling to its many gifts even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment. The rabbis of old put it this way: “A man comes to this world with his fist clenched, but when he dies, his hand is open.” Surely we ought to hold fast to our life. For it is wondrous, and full of a beauty that breaks through every pore of Gods own earth. We know that this is so, but all too often we recognize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more. We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered, that we failed to respond with love when it was tendered. Hold fast to lifebut not so fast that you cannot let go. This is the second side of lifes coin, the opposite pole of its paradox: we must accept our losses, and learn how to let go. This is not an easy lesson to learn, especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command, that whatever we desire with the full force of our passionate being can, nay, will be ours. But then life moves along to confront us with realities, and slowly but surely this truth dawns upon us. At every stage of life we sustain lossesand grow in the process. We begin our independent lives only when we emerge from the womb and lose its protective shelter. We enter a progression of schools, then we leave our mothers and fathers and our childhood homes. We get married and have children and then have to let them go. We confront the death of our parents and spouses. We face the gradual or not so gradual waning of our own strength. And ultimately, as the parable of the open and closed hand suggests, we must confront the inevitability of our own demise, losing ourselves, as it were, all that we were or dreamed to be. （374 words） 【Note】原文作者是美国犹太人联合会主席 John Boynton Priestley，有删节。3【Key words】rabbis: （rabbi 的复数）犹太教经师，音译“拉比” 。parable（譬喻、寓言） 。Source Text 2:汉语是中国各民族共同使用的语言、联合国正式语文和工作语言之一，又 是世界上历史最悠久、发展水平最高的语言之一，有文字可考的历史不少于 6 000 年。无论过去或现在，汉语在国内外都有很大的影响，具有很重要的地位。 当今世界出现汉语热，一是因为中华民族历史悠久，有着光辉灿烂的文化， 对 人类进步做出过巨大贡献；更是因为 30 年来中国中国实行改革开放，综合国力 大大提升，与中国打交道、对中国文化感兴趣的国家、国际组织和人员日益增 多。学习汉语也就成为深入了解中国的必由之路。 任何语言都与经济和文化分不开。经济和文化发展的国家，其语言所起的 作用十分重要。在过去 20 年里，中国的国内生产总值年均增长 9.7%，未来的 中国经济还将持续增长。 “汉语热”的兴起，表明世界对中国未来发展的预期越 来越好。可以预言，随着中国经济的进一步发展和国际地位的日益提高，世界 上学习汉语和中国文化的人数还会不断增加。 （377 字）4英语翻译基础英语翻译基础样题参考答案样题参考答案I. 词语翻译词语翻译1.CBD 中央商务区（Central Business District） 2.CNN 美国有线电视新闻网（Cable News Network） 3.DNA 脱氧核糖核酸（Deoxyribonucleic Acid） 4.DTV 数字电视 digital television 5.FAO（联合国）粮食与农业组织（Food and Agriculture Organization） 6.GPS 全球（卫星）定位系统（Global Positioning System） 7.IPR 知识产权（Intellectual Property Rights） 8.ICRC 国际红十字协会（International Committee of the Red Cross） 9.ISBN 国际标准书号（International Standard Book Number） 10. World Anti-Doping Agency 世界反兴奋剂组织 11. International Bar Association 国际律师协会 12. Synchronous Earth Observatory Satellite 同步地球观测卫星 13. foreign exchange reserve 外汇储备 14. export tax refunding system 出口退税制 15. International Dairy Federation 国际乳品业联合会 16. 孔庙 Confucius Temple 17. 三农 agriculture, rural areas and farmers 18. 核威慑 nuclear deterrence 19. 优先股 preference stock 20. 京剧脸谱 Peking opera makeups 21. 走私文物 smuggled artifacts 22. 弱势群体 disadvantaged groups 23. 人才市场 human resources pool 24. 生态农业 environment(ally)-friendly agriculture 25. 安居工程 Affordable Housing Program 26. 中国大陆 Chinas mainland/the mainland of China 27. 再就业工程 re-employment project 28. 人民币汇率 renminbi/RMB xchange rate 29. 黑社会性质组织 mafia-like criminal gangs 30. 和平共处五项原则 Five Principles of Peaceful CoexistenceII. 段落翻译段落翻译英译汉：英译汉：生活的艺术在于懂得何时要抓住，何时该放手。因为人生就是矛盾一场：它5要你抓住生命的种种恩赐不放手，却又要让你最终一一放弃。古时的犹太教拉比则说：“人，降世时拳头攥紧，离世时两手松开。 ”我们无疑应该抓住人生，因为人生令人惊奇，它充满一种美，这美展