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短语、词组归纳短语、词组归纳 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:一、动词+介词1look at看,look like 看上去像,look after 照料2listen to听3welcome to欢迎到4say hello to 向问好5speak to对说话此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在 介词之后。如: This is my new bike. Please look it after.() This is my new bike. Please look after it.()二、动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类:A动词(vt.)+副词1put on 穿上 2take off 脱下 3write down 记下此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能 放在副词的前面。试比较: First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write the answer down. () First listen to the answer, then write down it.() First listen to the answer, then write it down.()B动词(vi)+副词。1come on 赶快 2get up 起床 3go home 回家 4come in 进来 5sit down 坐下 6stand up 起立此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。三、其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games 介词短语聚焦介词短语聚焦“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将 Unitsl-16 常用的介词短语按 用法进行归类。1in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着。如:in English,in the hat2in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade 等,表示“在排/队/班级/年级”等。3in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。4in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。 5in the tree 表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree 表示“在树上(为树本身 所有)”。如:There are some in the tree. There are many apples on the trees. 6in the wall 表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall 表示“在墙上(指墙的表面) ”。如:Therere four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wall. 7at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无 the。 8at + 时刻表示钟点。如:at six, at half , past ten. 9like this/that 表示方式,意为“像这/那样”。 10of 短语表示所属关系。如:a picture of a classroom, a map of China. 11behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等,表示方位、处所。如:beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree. 12from 与 to 多表示方向,前者意为“从”,后者意为“到”。如:from one to ten, (go) to school/ bed/ work. 另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on ones bike 等。 重点句型大回放重点句型大回放 1I think意为“我认为”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常 用 I dont think,如:I think hes Mr Zhinag. (L17)I dont think you are right. 2give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把给”,动词 give 之后可接双宾语,可用这 两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用 give it/ them to sb. 如: His parents give him a nice purse./His parents give a nice purse to him. Give it to Mr Hu.(L57) 3take sb./ sth. to意为“把(送)带到”,后常接地点,也可接人。如: Please take the new books to the classroom. 4One, the other/One isand one is意为“一个是;另一个是”,必须是两 者中。如:One is red and one is grey.(L50)或 One is red, the other is grey. 5Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带 to 的动词不定式,其否定式为 Dont let sb,do sth.,或 Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Lets 与 Let us 的含义不完全相同,前者 包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,如:Lets go for a walk./Let us try once more, please. 6help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后 者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换。如:Let me help you find it.(L42)/Let me help you with it. 7What about?/How about?意为“怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、 意见、看法等。about 为介词,其后须接名词、代词或 V-ing 等形式。如:What/How playing chess? 8Its time to do/ Its time for sth. 意为“该做的时间了”,其中 to 后须接原形动词, for 后可接名词或 V-ing 形式。如:Its time to have supper. =Its time for supper. 9like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,如:Li Lei and his friends like to play in the tree house. (L 43)前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作, 试比较: Tom likes swimming, but doesnt like to swim this afternoon. 10ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中 ask sb.后应接动词不定式, 如: Ask your friends to guess what is in it. (L44) 11show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第 2 点。 如: Show your friend your family photo.(L36)/Show your family photo to your friend. 12introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍” 。如:Introduce your family to her. 重点短语快速复习重点短语快速复习 1.kinds of 各种各样的 2. eitheror或者或者,不是就是 3. neithernor既不也不 4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶 5. take a seat 就坐 6. home cooking 家常做法 7. be famous for 因而著名 8. on ones way to 在途中 9. be sick/ill in hospital 生病住院 10. at the end of 在的尽头,在的末尾 11. wait for 等待 12. in time 及时 13. make ones way to往(艰难地)走去 14. just then 正在那时15. first of all 首先,第一 16. go wrong 走错路 17. be/get lost 迷路 18. make a noise 吵闹,喧哗 19. get on 上车 20. get off 下车 21. stand in line 站队 22. waiting room 候诊室,候车室 23. at the head of在的前头 24. laugh at 嘲笑 25. throw about 乱丢,抛散 26. in fact 实际上 27. at midnight 在半夜 28. have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架 30. take ones temperature 给某人体温 31. have/get a pain in某处疼痛 32. have a headache 头痛 33. as soon as 一就 34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事 35. stopfrom doing sth. 阻止干某事 36. fall asleep 入睡 37. again and again 再三地,反复地 38. wake up 醒来,叫醒 39. instead of 代替 40. look over 检查 41. take exercise 运动 42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事 43. at the weekend 在周末 44. on time 按时 45. out of 从向外 46. all by oneself 独立,单独 47. lots of=a lot of 许多 48. no longer/more=notany longer/more 不再 49. get back 回来,取回 50. sooner or later 迟早 51. run away 逃跑 52. eat up 吃光,吃完 53. run after 追赶 54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物 55. take(good) care of=look after(well) (好好)照顾,照料 56. think of 考虑到,
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