1概率论与数理统计重要数学概念英汉对照Chapter 2Sample Space：样本空间Random event: 随机事件Simple event:; 基本事件Independent : 独立Dependent: 不独立Mutually exclusive or disjoint : 互斥，互不相容Axiom: 公理Union: 并Intersection: 交Complement: 补The law of Total Probability: 全概率公式Bayes Theorem: 贝叶斯原理Chapter 3Discrete random variable (rv) : 离散型随机变量Continuous random variable : 连续型随机变量Probability distribution : 概率分布Parameter: 参数Family of probability distribution: 分布族2Probability mass function (pmf): 概率质量函数Cumulative distribution function (cdf) : 累积分布函数（分布函数）Step function: 阶梯函数Expected value: 期望Variance: 方差Standard deviation: 标准差Binomial distribution: 二项分布Hypergeometric distribution: 超几何分布Negative binomial distribution: 负二项分布Geometric distribution: 几何分布Poisson distribution: 泊松分布Chapter 4Probability density function(pdf): 概率密度函数Uniform distribution: 均匀分布Percentile of a continuous distribution: 连续型分布的百分位数Normal distribution: 正态分布Probability Plots: 概率图Sample percentiles: 样本百分位数Chapter 5 Joint probability mass function: 联合概率（质量）函数3Marginal probability mass function: 边缘概率（质量）函数Statistics: 统计量Random sample: 随机抽样Sampling distribution of a statistic: 样本统计量的概率分布（抽样分布）Central limit theorem: 中心极限定理Chapter 6Point estimate: 点估计（值）Point estimator: 点估计量Unbiased estimator: 无偏估计量Minimum variance unbiased estimator (MVUE)：最小方差无偏估计Estimated standard error: 估计标准误差（标准误差）Moment estimator: 矩估计Maximum likelihood estimator: 最大似然估计Chapter 7Confidence interval (CI): 置信区间Level of confidence: 置信水平（置信度）One-sided confidence interval: 单侧置信区间Upper confidence limit: 置信上限Lower confidence limit: 置信下限4Upper confidence bound: 置信上界Lower confidence bound: 置信下界Proportion: 比例（成数）Critical value: 临界值Prediction interval (PI): (预测区间)