第第 5 章七选五新短文改错章七选五新短文改错七选五(一)(2011新课标卷)Money MattersParents should help their children understand money. _1_ So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.1The basic function of moneyBegin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员). _2_ When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.2Money lessonsApproach money lessons with openness and honesty. _3_ If you must say no to a childs request to spend money，explain， “You have enough toy trucks for now.”Or, if the request is for many different things, say.“You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”3_4_Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a producta namebrand butter and a generie (无商标产品), for example.You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. _5_ If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved.Later，you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.AWise decisionsBThe value of moneyCPermit the child to choose between them.DTell your child why he canor cannothave certain things.EAsk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.FTalk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.GThe best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.答案：本文讲述了应该教会孩子怎样花钱，钱的基本用途是什么，怎样用钱买东西。1G 由下文可知，当孩子对买东西感兴趣时，这时你向他传述钱的事情。2F 由上文可知，给孩子钱，让他买玩具，买完之后再和他谈一下怎样用钱来买东西。3D 由下文内容可知，孩子已有玩具，所以他不需再买，故 D 项正确。4A 由下文内容可知，给孩子几种选择，要他去选择买什么样的才省钱。由此可知A 项正确。5C 由下文内容可知，孩子可以自己选择。故 C 项正确。(二)(2011辽宁卷)Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain SharpEveryone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing._1_Read on for some techniques worth trying.1_2_People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease (早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study._3_Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or shortterm goals appear to do better.In other words, keep your brain looking forward.2Go for a walk.Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact，exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain._4_3Learn something new.Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards.A study found that mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind.But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time._5_Or go dancing with your friends.AFocus on the future.BThis can be especially harmful to the aged.CIt should be something like learning gardening.DSo take a few minutes each day to do some reading.EBut dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with lifechanging events.FLuckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.GIn other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.答案：本文讲述的是保持思维灵敏的简易方法。即：聚焦未来，散步，学习新知识。1F 下文的 1,2,3 条就是避免思维迟钝的方法。2A 由下文可知经常做计划，制定短期或长期目标的人会做得更好，要保持思维超前，故 A 项正确。3E 由下文可知：同朋友约会喝咖啡这样的简单事情也行，所以你不必担心。4G 由上文可知：锻炼能产生有益大脑的化学物质，后一句是进一步说明，故 G 项正确。5C 由上句可知对大脑最好的事情是你学新东西时，身体也要动，即脑力劳动和体力劳动相结合的事，就像学习园艺以及和朋友跳舞这样的事情。(三)(2011北京卷)Public Speaking and Critical ThinkingWhat is critical thinking? To a certain degree, its a matter of logic(逻辑), of being able to spot weaknesses in other peoples arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinkingthe ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. _1_ The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking._2_ As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical (机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not j