2013-3-1 1 非谓语动词 教师事业部 陈钦 doing（现在分词） done（过去分词） 充当定语，状语，补语，表语 to do （不定式） 充当除谓语外的其它任何成分 doing（动名词） 充当主语和宾语，表语和定语 Page 2 非谓语动词句法功能 非谓语动词 不定式的变化形式 主动 被动 将来 to do to be done 进行 to be doing 完成 to have done to have been done 分词的变化形式 主动 被动 一般 doing done 进行 doing being done 完成 having done having been done/ done 非谓语动词 不定式 主语 宾语 宾补 表语 定语 状语 动名词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 分词 宾补 表语 定语 状语 非谓语动词 1.非谓语动词做主语（动名词与不定式做主语的比较） Sleeping is very comfortable. VS It is very comfortable to sleep on the bed. 考点：1.动名词表示一般，不定式表示具体的某次 2.不定式做主语时，经常用It做形式主语，把真正的 主语放后面。 3.动名词做主语时，直接放句首。但是 It is no use/ good doing sth. 当动名词做主语时较少使用it 做形式主语 非谓语动词 考点4：动名词的复合结构 Eg： Would you mind my opening the window? 1. _ the meeting made the people excited. A. The president attending B. The presidents attending C. The presidents attended D. The president attended 2. _ for school made the teacher happy. A. His being not late B. His not being late C. Not his being late D. His being late not 总结：动名词的复合结构 就是在doing前加个主语，要用名词的所有格 形式表示。动名词的否定形式直接在动名词前加 not。 B B 2013-3-1 2 非谓语动词 不定式与动名词做宾语的区别 考点1： 不定式做宾语时 也常用形式宾语it。句型 主谓 it adj. to do sth. Eg. I found it easy to learn English. 6个常用动词 1个形式宾语 2 种宾补形式 3 种真正宾语形式 6个常用动词：find make think believe consider feel 1个形式宾语：it 2种宾补形式：adj./n. 3种真正宾语形式：to do/doing/从句 非谓语动词 2.非谓语动词做宾语 考点2：只接不定式做宾语的动词 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen 有些动词要用动名词作宾语。例如： admit appreciate avoid complete consider deny enjoy escape finish imagine mind miss suggest stand forgive keep delay understand detest endure fancy postpone practice recall resent resume resist risk face include 非谓语动词 考点考点3：介词：介词to 与不定式与不定式 to的区别的区别 有些结尾是to的短语后用动名词 lead to导致 devote oneself to致力于 object to 反对 stick to坚持 look forward to期望 非谓语动词 动名词做宾语考点：动名词做宾语考点： 1. The teacher required the students that he should remember _ the light, but he forget to do it. A. turning off B. to turn off C. having turned off D. to have turned off 考点4：几组与不定式动名词兼容且不同含义的词组： 1 forget to do forget doing 2 remember to do remember doing 3 regret to do regret doing 4 try to do try doing 5 mean to do mean doing 6 stop to do stop doing 7 go on to do go on doing 8 continue to do continue doing B 非谓语动词 3.动名词与分词做表语 My job is teaching. This story sounds interesting. 考点1：做表语时，动名词主表互换。 非谓语动词 考点2：用动词的正确形式填空 1. The trip was _. (exhaust) 2. I was _ in the trip. (exhaust) ing 令人-的 ed 感到- 练习：The girl got angry again. Her mother felt _ (puzzle). And her father also worn _ (puzzle）expression. exhausting exhausted puzzled puzzled 2013-3-1 3 非谓语动词 4. 非谓语动词做宾补（不定式与分词的比较） I will ask my mother to buy a gift for me. 强调动作将发生 He had his hair cut. 考点1： 分词做宾补时，主要是一些感官动词或使役动词 如：find, hear, have等 不定式做宾补时，主要是一些固定的短语搭配。 非谓语动词 考点考点2：分词做宾补：分词做宾补 I found my wallet _ (steal). I found him _（steal）the wallet. 解题：判断逻辑主谓关系。 stolen stealing 非谓语动词 5.非谓语动词做定语 考点1：现在分词VS动名词 a sleeping boy VS a sleeping bag 总结：定语从句VS for phase 分词做定语相当于一个定语从句 a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping 动名词做定语相当于名词的用途 a sleeping bag = a bag for sleeping 非谓语动词 考点2：现在分词VS过去分词 KFC fried chicken fried 被动 完成 a book written by the famous writer a sleeping baby A girl standing there is my sister. 考点考点3：We cant solve the problem _ (discuss) yesterday. _ now. _ tomorrow. 考点4. left做定语修饰名词直接用于名词后，做后置定语 Eg. Ten people left have already finished their work. discussed being discussed to be discussed 非谓语动词 做定语的现在分词与过去分词的回顾 位置 逻辑关系 作用 现在分词 单前 短语后 主动 进行 修饰名词 过去分词 单前 短语后 被动 完成 修饰名词 非谓语动词（不定式做定语） 考点5：1.-Do you have anything _ ? You must finish it today. -Oh, Ill finish it right now. A. to be washed B. to wash C. washing D. being washed 2. -Do you have anything _? I will go to the post office this afternoon. - Thank you. It couldnt be better. A. to be sent B. to send C. sending D. being sent 总结：自己做不定，别人做被动 B A 2013-3-1 4 非谓语动词 6.非谓语动词做状语 考点 1：不定式做状语. He arrived at home only _ no one at home. A. being told B. to tell C. to be told D. telling 结果状语还有：too-to, enough to, so-as to C 解析：only to do 表示出人意料的结果 目的状语：in order to, so as to（不能用于句首） eg. I get up early so as to catch the first bus. 注意：1. only表示“仅仅”时，其后不用to do。 The man was always reading the book only _ a rest once in a while. (have) having 非谓语动词 考点考点2：分词做状语：分词做状语 When we saw from the hill, we found the city is beautiful. _ from the