北京化工大学北方学院北京化工大学北方学院NORTH COLLEGE OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY（20112011）届本科生毕业设计）届本科生毕业设计 外文文献翻译外文文献翻译题目： 半干法烟气脱硫 反应器的优化 学院： 理工学院 专业： 应用化学 学号： 070105131 姓名： 谷东亮 指导教师： 孟献民老师 教研室主任（负责人）： 顾明广老师 2011 年年 5 月月 18 日日北京化工大学北方学院毕业设计外文文献原稿和译文1外文文献原稿和译文外文文献原稿和译文原原 稿稿ABSTRACTThe TURBOSORP process is a dry flue gas cleaning system to remove pollutants like ,mercury,heavy metals, dioxins and furans, and dust. The main principle of ,this process is tobring flue gas into an intensive contact with calcium hydroxide, open hearth furnace coke, waterand recirculated material in the Turboreactor, which operates as a circulating fluidized bed in themanner of fast fluidization.In 2000 AE&E started a development and research project with the aim to simulate the fluiddynamics of the Turboreactor with a commercially used CFD code. Starting with the developmentof the one-phase simulation the existing reactor geometry was optimized concerning the pressureloss. After this step research activities on a two-phase simulation (gas and solid flow) based on theconcept of Euler-Lagrange should help to better understand the mechanism of solid distribution inthe reactor and to calculate the part of the pressure drop of the fluidized bed depending on thesolids.Among other things the recent results of the start-up phase of a TURBOSORP FGD-plant withoptimized reactor design are described in this paper. As a highlight the Turboreactor pressure losswas reduced by about 20 percent, compared to a conventional reactor design.INTRODUCTIONToday, the application of dry technologies for the cleaning of flue gases of power stations or wasteincineration plants is considered as the state-of-the-art technology. Due to the use of the fluidizedbed technology and of the recirculation of the partially reacted product it has been possible toeliminate prejudices against this technology which were based upon a bad utilisation of the sorbentand low separation performances.Because of the considerably reduced investment costs there is an important market potential 北京化工大学北方学院毕业设计外文文献原稿和译文2for thedry technology in addition to the wet technology. Especially in the field of retrofitting and/orrehabilitation of existing plants the dry technology plays an important role.Presently, various competitors offer dry processes on the market of which the differences in theprocess concept hardly can be discerned. In certain cases, the differences only exist in the planttechnology and in the design of the reactor. Nevertheless, the potential of optimisation aiming atfurther improved desulphurisation performances and at minimum consumption of consumables is not exhausted yet.As state-of-the-art in the field of flue gas desulphurisation removal efficiencies up to 95 % at Ca/Sratiosup to 1.25 can be achieved with this technology without problems. Even in the field of fluegas cleaning after waste incineration plants the emission limits as prescribed by the 17th Decree ofthe German Federal Immission Act (17. BImSchV) can be achieved (see table 1.)1Table 1: Emission regulations for flue gases from waste incineration - EuropeAustrian Energy and Environment AG (AEE), emerged from the traditional companies WaagnerBiro AG and Simmering Graz Pauker AG, was reestablished in July 2002, after a short intermezzowith the German Babcock Borsig Power Group between 1999 and 2002. By way of theTURBOSORP process AEE offers a dry technology for the flue gas desulphurisation and the fluegas cleaning after waste incineration plants. Because of the use of the most up-to-date design tools like e.g. CFD-modeling of critical plant components, 北京化工大学北方学院毕业设计外文文献原稿和译文3AEE is able to provide an optimum design.Additionally, AEE operates a pilot plant where critical operating cases, as for example extreme fluegas compositions, can be simulated during experiment. 2,3,4PROCESS TECHNOLOGYIn the TURBOSORP process the flue gas flows through a cylindrical apparatus (fluidized bedreactor) from the bottom to the top. The bed material is made up of solids, consisting of calciumhydroxide, calcium carbonate, the solid reaction products of the flue gas cleaning process, and ashesfrom the combustion process. Fresh and active material, either Ca(OH)2 or CaO, is injected into thereactor while solids, that have already undergone several cycles are recirculated into the reactor(refer to Fig. 1). The term cycle“ means a complete circulation of the sorbent particles through thewhole plant (Turboreactor, separator, buffering tanks that may be installe. )5In order to lower the flue gas temperature for achieving an increased desulphurisation capacitywater is injected horizontally or vertically, usually by means of a water nozzle, which is in thevicinity of the flue gas inlet. 6 In addition to the temperature reduction of the flue gas this also leadsto an incre