11996 年Passage11、Tight-lipped elders used to say, “Its not what you want in this world, but what you get.”出言谨慎的年长者过去总说：“重要的不是在这个世界上你想要什么，而是你得到了什么。”2、You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.你可以在头脑里勾画出愿望的蓝图，如同设计房屋的蓝图一样。而我们每个人在日常生活中都在不停地勾画着这样的愿望蓝图。3、While talking to you, you could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications, will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.在与你面谈时，你未来的雇主将根据你的教育背景、经验和其他的资历来确定雇用你是否值得，因此你必须把你“待售的物品”和能力以有序而合理连贯的方式呈现出来。4、When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell.当你为自己的能力和愿望仔细地筹划了一幅蓝图后，你就有实在的东西可以推销了。Passage25、They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, childrens programmes and films for an annual license fee of 83 pounds per household.每户每年交 83 英镑的收视费便可收看体育、喜剧、戏剧、音乐、新闻时事、教育、宗教、议会报道、儿童节目及电影。6、The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC - including ordinary listeners and viewers - to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.英国政府发起了这场讨论，它邀请每一位对 BBC 有看法的人包括普通的听众和观众对公司好坏进行评说，甚至可以评说他们是否认为公司值得办下去。7、The commercial TV channels - ITV and Channel 4 - were required by the Thatcher Governments Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs.商业电视频道ITV 和第四频道应撒切尔政府广播法案的要求进一步商业化，彼此竞争广告业务，降低成本，裁减劳务。8、But it is the arrival of new satellite channels - funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers subscriptions - which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.但从长远来看会引起最大变化的是新的卫星频道的出现，它们的部分资金2来自广告收入，部分来自用户收视费。Passage39、In the last half of the nineteenth century “capital” and “labour” were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines.19 世纪后半叶， “资方”和“劳方”按现代方式不断扩大并各自完善相互对立的组织。10、Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers.许多旧式企业被有限责任公司所取代，由领薪经理构成其管理机构。11、The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.这种变革通过聘用大量专业人员来适应新时代的技术要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在过去这种低效率使得许多旧式家族企业在精力充沛的创业者之后的第二、三代手中破产倒闭。12、It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business.而且这也是公司摆脱个体创造力，向集体化和市营、国营迈出的一步。13、The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.有限责任公司及市政企业的发展带来了重大变化。对资本与企业的如此大规模的非个人操纵大大地增加了持股人作为一个阶层的数量及其重要性。他们在国民生活中代表着不承担责任的财富，与土地及土地所有者责任相分离，几乎也同样与企业的经营责任相分离。14、All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the worlds movement towards industrialization.整个 19 世纪，美洲、非洲、印度、澳洲及欧洲的部分地区都是靠英国的资本发展起来，而英国股东则因世界性的工业化而大发其财。15、Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders meeting to dictate their orders to the management.像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本这样的城市的兴起，原因在于给大批“享乐”阶层提供居住场所，这些人不工作却有丰厚的收入，除了领取红利，偶尔参加股东会议向管理人员发号施令外，他们与外界几乎没有任何联系。16、The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good.3这种股东不了解他们所持股的公司里工人们的生活、思想和需求,他们对劳资关系也不会产生积极的影响。17、The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.领取报酬后代表公司经营的经理与工人以及工人需求的关系更加直接，但甚至他也不像正在被淘汰的旧式家族企业的家长制中的雇主那样熟悉了解工人的情况。18、Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible.的确，单就公司的经营规模和雇佣的工人数量而言，就使得建立这种私人关系不再可能。19、Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them.然而，幸运的是，工会的势力和组织在日益壮大，至少在各个技术行业情况