英国文学期末复习英国文学期末复习1、选择1、浪漫主义时期开始的标志：the publication of the Lyrical Ballads(1798) Wordsworth.结束：the death of Sir Walter Scott.18322、湖畔派诗人（Lake Poets)：Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey.3、Charles Lamb(查尔斯 兰姆）：He is important in English literature for his contribution to the Familiar Essay(随笔/小品文）4、Walter Scott(沃尔特 司各特）：the founder and great master of the historical novels(历史小说之父） 。5、Browning(布朗宁）：the contribution to the English literature is dramatic monologue(戏剧独白） 。6、Emily Bronte(艾米丽 勃朗特）的小说特点：Gothic noveleg.Wuthering Heights7、George Bernard Shaw(肖伯纳）：Shaws main contribution to English literature is his drama.8、Thomas Stearns Eliot(艾略特）：代表作 The Waste Land(荒原）9、Steam of consciousness(意识流）的 2 位代表作家：James Joyce,Virginia Woolf10、Angry Young Man（愤怒的青年）出自 John Osbornes play Look Back in Angry(愤怒的回顾） 。11、只有 1 部代表作的作家及作品：William Makepeace Thackeray(萨克雷）：Vanity Fair(名利场）Emily Bronte(艾米丽 勃朗特）：Wuthering Heights(呼啸山庄）Joseph Conrad:Heart of Darkness(黑暗心脏）George Bernard Shaw:Major Barbara(芭芭拉少女）12、Wordsworth defines poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of feelings”(一切好诗都是强烈情感的自然流露） 。Wordsworth 代表作:Preface to Lyrical Ballads:抒情歌谣集序言 ；Composed upon Westerminster Bridge:写于威斯敏斯特桥上；The Solitary Reaper:孤独的割麦女 ；I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud:我好似一朵流云独自漫步 ；Lines Composed a Few Miles aboveTintern Abbey：丁登寺13、Coleridge(柯尔律治)的代表作：Kubla Khan：忽必烈汗The Rime of the Ancient Mariner:孤舟子咏 （the albatross,a sea bird is an omen of luck.作者想要达到的境界：“that willing suspensions of disbelief which constitutes poetic faith(情愿暂时信以为真）14、Byron 的代表作Childe Harolds Pilgrimage:恰伍德 哈罗尔德游记Don Juan唐璜 （the satirical epic)When We Two PartedShe Walks in Beauty她身披美丽而行15、Shelly 代表作：Song to the Man of England,Ode to the West Wind.16、John Keats:On First Looking into Chapmans Homer,Ode to a Nightingale,To Autumn17、Charles Dickens:Dombey and Son,Bleak House18、Lord Alfred Tennyson:Break,Break,Break;Ulysses19、Robert Browning:My Last Duchess,Meeting at Night,Parting at Morning20、The Bronte SistersEmily Bronte:Wuthering HeightCharlotte Bronte:Jane EyreAnne Bronte:Agnes Grey21、Thomas Hardy:Tess of the DUrbervilles,Jude the Obscure22、Three main trends of literature:modernism,Angry Young Men and The Theatre of the Absurd.23、D.H Lawence:Sons and Lovers24、Samuel Beckett:Waiting for Godot25、William Golding:Lord of the flies（1983 年获诺贝尔文学奖）26、Doris Lessing:The Golden Notebook27、积极浪漫主义诗人：Keats,Byron,Shelly28、批判小说之父：Thackeray, Dickens29、 “冬天来了，春天还会远么”出自The Ode to the West Wind二、名词解释1、Dramatic monologueA kind of poem in which a single fictional or historical character other than the poet speaks to a silent audience of one or more persons. Such poems reveal not the poets own thoughts but the mind of the impersonated 模仿；扮演 character, whose personality is revealed unwittingly; this distinguishes a dramatic monologue from a lyric, while the implied presence of an auditor distinguishes it from a soliloquy.It is a piece of spoken verse that offers great insight into the feelings of the speakers.2、The term “stream-of-consciousness” which was coined by William James in Principles of Psychology (1890) is used to indicate a literary approach to the presentation of psychological aspects of characters in fiction. It presents unspoken 未在口头上说出的materials directly from the psyche 心灵；灵魂 of the characters, or make the characters tell their own inner thoughts in monologues 独白 The realm 领域 of life with which stream-of-consciousness novel is concerned is mental and spiritual experience 心理和精神经历, such as sensations 感觉, memories, imaginations, conceptions 思想, intuitions 直觉, feelings 情感 and the process of association 联想的过程.3、作家评论DickensHe is one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Victorian Age. It is his serious intention to expose and criticize in his works all the poverty, injustice, hypocrisy and corruptness he sees all around him.In his early novels, he attacks one or more specific social evils in each: for example, the dehumanizing workhouse system and the dark, criminal underworld life in Oliver Twist.His later works show the development of Dickens towards a highly conscious artist of the modern type.Dickens is a master story-teller.In language, he is often compared with Shakespeare for his adeptness with the vernacular and large vocabulary with which he brings out many a wonderful verbal picture of man and scene. His humor and wit seem inexhaustible.Character-portrayal is the most distinguishing feature of his works. His best-depicted characters are those innocent, virtuous persecuted, helpless child characters and those horrible and grotesque characters.1、Dickens is remembered first of all for his character-portrayal.Every character his creature finger touched came alive.Not only the major characters but many of the minor ones in his novels also leave unforgettable impressions on the readers mind.He often gives his characters certain peculiarities in appearance, in manner of speaking or inaction of habit by the use of exaggeration and it is these peculiarities that ma