1.shop cn. 商店（商店（Br.E） = store （Am.E）1） shop assistant 店员店员 （英）（英）assistant - helper（助理（助理,助手助手,副手）副手）salesman / saleswoman 男男 /女售货员（美）女售货员（美）2）shopkeeper （店主）（店主）shop 的派生词有：的派生词有：shopper 购物者购物者shop lifter 商店扒手商店扒手 shop lifting 入店扒窃入店扒窃shopping bag 购物袋购物袋shopping center 购物中心（常在郊外，有设施完善的停车场，生活必需品相当齐备）购物中心（常在郊外，有设施完善的停车场，生活必需品相当齐备）shopping mall 大型购物中心大型购物中心window shopping 逛街逛街do some shopping 买东西买东西go shopping 去购物去购物“动词动词 + er = 发出动作的人发出动作的人”，是一种构词法。，是一种构词法。report = reporter, clean cleaner,run runner, teach teacher,think thinker, writewriter,work worker, wait waiter,drive driver, sing singer,swim swimmer, read reader,speak speaker, lead leader,dance dancer, paint painter有少数几个是加有少数几个是加 or。actor 男演员男演员 ，visitor 参观者，参观者，inventor 发明者发明者后缀后缀“-or”“-er”尽管写法不一样，但是发音一样。尽管写法不一样，但是发音一样。 2.police n 警方（集合名词）警方（集合名词）the police 为复数名词为复数名词1）警方正在找那个丢失的孩子。The police are looking for the lost boy.policeman / policewomanpolicemen / policewomen2）当警察很令人激动。Its exciting to be a policeman. 3.waiter / waitress 侍者侍者,服务员服务员/女服务员女服务员actor / actress 演员演员,男演员男演员 / 女演员女演员 4.station 车站车站,政府机关的署政府机关的署,局局电视台电视台, 电台电台, 警察局警察局TV station, radio station, police station火车站火车站 汽车站汽车站railway station, bus station1）她的妈妈在一家电视台当记者。Her mother works as a reporter in the TV station. 5.uniform cn.（军人、学生、警察等的）制服（军人、学生、警察等的）制服1）学生在上学的日子里要穿校服。Students have to wear （school） uniforms on school days.2）他穿着制服。He is in uniform.= He is wearing a uniform. 6.dress n. 女长裙，晚礼服女长裙，晚礼服 vt. 使使穿上穿上表示动作的词组：表示动作的词组：dress sb. / oneselfput on ones clothes1）他穿上衣服出去了。He dressed himself and went out.=He put on his clothes and went out.2）这位妈妈每天都给她的孩子穿衣服。The mother dresses the baby every day.表示状态的词组有：表示状态的词组有：wear clothes / long hair/ short hair /a smile / glasses3）在学校男孩不能留长发。Boys cant wear long hair in school.have on + clothes （没有进行时）（没有进行时）4）今天他穿了一件新毛衣。He has a new sweater on today.=He has on a new sweater today.=He is wearing a new sweater today.be dressed in +颜色颜色/样式；样式； be in +颜色颜色/样式样式5）她今天穿着红色的衣服。She is dressed in red today.=She is in red today.=She is wearing red clothes.=She has red clothes on today.=She has on red clothes today. 7.dangerous （adj.） 危险的危险的 / safe 安全的安全的处于危险中处于危险中be in danger （n.）1）警察的工作是帮助处在危险中的人们，所以当警察是危险的。The policemans job is helping people in danger, so its dangerous to be a policeman. 8.late adv. 晚晚,迟迟工作到很晚；工作到很晚； 起得很晚；起得很晚；work late; sleep late=get up late;熬到很晚；熬到很晚； 来得晚来得晚stay up late; come lateadj. 迟的迟的,晚的晚的be late for sth.1）老师经常告诉我们上学不要迟到。The teacher often tells us not to be late for school.2）你最好不要上学迟到。Youd better not be late for school. 9.sometimes“有时候有时候”，可放句首、句末、句中，可放句首、句末、句中1）有时候我和父母一起去公园散步。Sometimes I take a walk in the park with my parents.2）他有时在家看电视。He sometimes watches TV at home.sometime 将来某时some times （正式文体中无此用法）（正式文体中无此用法）几次几次 很多次很多次several times many times3）我去过长城好几次了。I have been to the Great Wall several times. 10.hard adj. 坚硬的；严厉的；困难的坚硬的；严厉的；困难的1）这是个很难解决的问题。Its a hard nut to crack.adv. 努力地；剧烈地；困难地努力地；剧烈地；困难地2）他学习很努力/刻苦。He studies very hard.3）那天雪下得很大。It snowed hard that day. 11.teach sb. sth. （双宾语）（双宾语）1）陈老师教我们历史。Mr. Chen teaches us history.teach sb. to do sth.2）谁教的你骑车？Who taught you to ride a bike?teach sb. how to do sth.3）你能教我如何使用这台电脑吗？Can you teach me how to use the computer? 12.skill n. 技能，技巧技能，技巧1）在足球上他表现出了非常熟练的技巧。He shows great skill at soccer.skillful adj. =skilful （Br.E） 熟练的，巧妙的熟练的，巧妙的2）她擅长画画。She is skillful in / at drawing.=She is good at drawing.听、说、读、写技能听、说、读、写技能listening skills / speaking skillsreading skills / writing skills 13.sir. madamDear Sir or Madam，Mr. Mrs. Ms. Miss.Dear Mr. / Mrs. /Ms. /Miss Smith,Almost everyone knows the meanings of Mr., Mrs., and Miss.Mr. is used before the name of men. Mrs. is for married women and Miss is for single women.But what isMs.?For some time, businessmen in the United States have usedMs. before a womans name when they do not know whether the woman is married or not. Today, however, many women prefer （更喜欢） to use Ms. rather than Mrs. or Miss.The wordMr. does not tell us whether or not a man is married. Many women think this is an advantage for men .They want to be equal to men in this way. These women feel that it is not important for people to know whether they are married or not.There are some problems withMs., Not all women like it. Some like the older ways of doing things. Some find it difficult to pronounce. （Ms. sounds like “miz.”）Generally, young women like it better than older women do. It is difficult to know whether or notMs. will be used by more American women in the future. What do you think of this change?14.I want to be an actor. 我想成为一名演员。我想成为一名演员。“want to be + 职业职业”表示表示“想成为一名想成为一名”1）当我大了，我想成为一名医生。I want to be a doctor when I am older.want sth 想要某物想要某物2）他过生日时想要一个足球。He wants a soccer ball for his birthday.want to do sth / be+名词名词/形容词形容词想要做某事想要做某事/想成为想成为 /怎么样怎么样3）你想给你的儿子买件毛衣吗？Do you want to buy a sweater for your son?4）我的朋友想当一名警官。My friend wants to be a police officer.wan