As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _1_ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to _2_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a _3_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _4_, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in “points“, which are _5_ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _6_ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _7_ to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should _8_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _9_, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for _10_ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.Acompare Bresponsible Cuseful Dadded Efind Freference Gindirect Hmethod Isuccessful Jcombined KNecessarily Lcapacity MabilityNBasically OadoptAnswers:1.选 B)。此处应填形容词。原文意思为“会计部门.计算报酬”，选项中的形容词 responsible“负责任的”，useful“有用的”，indirect“间接的”，successful“成功的”，其中 indirect不能与 for 连用，排除;剩余几项中只有 B)responsible 意义符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。2.选 O)。此处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题，选项中的动词原形有 compare“比较”，find“找到”，adopt“采纳”，分别带入原文，只有 adopt 最符合原文意思，故选 O).3.选 H)。此处应填名词。从原文看，and 连接并列结构，所以要填的词应与 and 后面的 ways 意思一致，选项中的名词只有 mathod = ways，故选 H)method。4.选 I)。此处应填形容词。上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的方法，说的是制度“是否有用”的问题。这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题，劳资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件。形容词 useful 和 successful，I)seccessful 更符合原文意思。5.选 D)。此处应填动词。这个动词的宾语是 point“分值”，把分值.起来 to give a total value“得出总分值“，选项中有 added 和 combined，前者指“把.相加”，后者意为“把.结合在一起”，原文指将分值相加得出总分，故 D)added 最符合文意。6.选 M)。此处应填名词。首先 solve problem“解决问题”是经理们应具备的能力，选项中的 capacity 与 ability 都可以表示“能力”;前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力，而后者强调实际应用的能力，故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用 M)ability。7.选 F)。此处应填名词。前半句指出“因为管理工作很难评估，经理的工作得分不需要参照基于分值的评估系统决定。”without reference to 为固定搭配，意思是“与.无关”。故选 F)reference。8.选 A)。此处应填动词原形。原句中出现了 the value of each job“每种工作的价值”和 these in the job market“工作市场上的(工作价值)”，说明人事部门通过比较两种价值来计算工资制度。选项中只有 compare 表示“比较”，所以 A)正确。9.选 K)。此处应填副词，修饰整句话。“报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变”，选项中 Necessarily“必须地”与 Basically“基本地”为副词，分别带入原文，“报酬.的变化是必须的”更符合上下文意思，故排除 N),选 K)。10.选 G)。此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即 simple to measure the work done“易于评估的工作“，通常用现金奖励办法;而.measurement is difficult“难于评估的”，说明这些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是间接的，故选项中只有 G)indirect 符合原句的意思。Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so _1_ in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more _2_ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to _3_ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to _4_ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the _5_ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to _6_ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many _7_ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of _8_ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without _9_, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act _10_, on the job at least.Askill Bpopular Cget Dchange Esimilarly Fprofessional Gcharacter Hindividuality Iinspire Jdifferently Kexpect Lpractical Mrecall Nlose Oordinary答案及解析：答案及解析：1.选 B)。从文章的第一句 they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”，说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项 B)popular 符合原文意思。选项中的 professional“职业的”、practical“实用的”和 ordinary“普通的，平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。2.选 F)。此处应填形容词。从 more.than civilian clothes 可知，此处要填的形容词意思与 civilian 相对，说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有 professional“职业的”和 civilian 相对的，故 F)正确。而 pratical“实用的”和 ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和 civilian 对应，故排除。3.选 K)。由 be conditioned to do sth.“习惯于”可知，此处应填动词原形。从前面的 look more“看起来更.”和后面的