广州新王牌广州新王牌 小学英语基础知识小学英语基础知识 1、26 个字母（听、说、读、写过关）（所有的大写字母占上两格）: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 2、日常问候: Hello, Hi How are you? How do you do? Good morning. (afternoon, evening , night) 3、介绍自己: I am _. My name is_. Im from _. I (dont)like_. I can (cant)_. 4、人称代词及对应的形容词性物主代词。 第一人称 第二人称 第二人称 人称 I（我）we（我们） you（你）you（你们） he（他）she（她）it （它） they （他们） 物主 My(我的) Our(我们的) your（你的）your（你们的） his（他的）her（她的）its（它的）their(他们的) 宾格 me（我）us（我们） you（你） you（你们） him（他）her（她）it（它） them（他们） 5、be/系动词 am , is , are 及用法： 我用 am，你用 are，is 连着他、她、它。 I am You are He(she , it) is . 6、120 的数词: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty. 7、姓名及年龄问答: (1) -Whats your name? -Whats his name? -Whats her name? -My name is_. -His name is_. -Her name is _. -I am _. -He is _. -She is _. (2) -How old are you? -How old is he? -How old is she? -Im _. -He is _. -She is _. 8、时间: 年、季节、月、星期、日、时 (1)Year: 1982,1998,2001, (2)Season: spring, summer, autumn, winter. (3)Month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. (4) Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday. (5) Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd ( May the second) (6)Time: What time is it? Its _ oclock. Its half past _. 9、颜色问答: What color is it? Its red (white, black, blue, green, pink, orange, yellow) 10、实义动词“有” have, has: I have .我有. You have .你（们）有. They have他们有 He has .他有. She has . 她有. It has它有. 11、代词 this(这个), these(这些), that(那个), those(那些), what(什么). 12、There be 句型: There is / There are 13、特殊疑问句: What(什么), When(何时), Who(谁), Where(哪里), Why(为什么), How many(有多少) 相关句型: (1) Whats thirty and forty? Its seventy. (2) When are we going to eat? We are going to eat at half past twelve. (3) Who is that woman? She is our English teacher. (4) Where are you from? I am from China. (5) Why are you crying? Because I am sad. (6) How old are you? Im twelve. (7) How much is it? Its 50 yuan. (8) How many cars have you got? I have got 6 cars. (9) How long is the Great Wall? Its about six thousands seven hundreds kilometers. (10) How big is Beijing? Beijing has got about fourteen millions people. 14、be going to,will (打算、将要)句型: I am going to go to school. / It will be windy in Beijing. 15、特殊问句（问什么，答什么） Do you ? ( Does he/she ? ) Yes, I do. / No, I dont. ( Yes he does. / No, he doesnt. ) Have you got ? ( Has he got ? ) Yes, I have. / No, I havent. ( Yes he has. / No, he hasnt. ) Can you ? Yes, I can. / No, I cant. Is there a book? Yes, there is. / No, there isnt. 16、祈使句：(直接以动词开头，带有命令、要求或劝告的语气) Dont talk in the library! Please be quiet! Stop! Dont go! 17、名词单数变复数 (1)规则变化：名词单数变复数，一般加-s 没有错。 词尾 s, x, sh, ch,直接加上-es。 f, fe 为结尾，加-s 之前要变 ve。 “辅音字母y“来结尾，y 变 i 再加-es 没问题。 部分词尾字母若是 o，加-es 有 tomato 和 potato。 (2)不规则变化:不规则变化要特别记，oo 常常变 ee, foot -feet;男人、女人 a 改 e, manmen; 特殊childchildren 等。 (3)不可数名词的复数使用原型。如：water, juice, soup, bread, rice, meat, cheese, fish, sheep 18、四种简单时态： 一般现在时：I play football. 一般将来时：be going to/will 句型: I am going to go to school. It will be windy in Beijing. 一般过去时：句型：I bought you a book. We went to the park yesterday. 现在进行时：be+动词 ing 句型：I am doing my homework. 介 词 意义： 1、一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，才能在句子中起作用。有：in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, fromto, at the back of 2、表示时间的介词有：at, on, in。 （1）at 表示“在某一个具体的时间点上”，或用在固定词组中。 如：at ten oclock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend （2）on 表示“在某日或某日的时间段”。 如：on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning （3）in 表示“在某一段时间（月份、季节）里”。 如：in the afternoon, in September, in summer, in 2005 3、in 一词还有其他的固定搭配， 如：in blue（穿着蓝色的衣服） in English（用英语表达） take part in（参加）。 4、before：在之前 wei hua got up before 7 oclock this morning .今天早晨，魏华在 7 点之前起床了。 5、after：在之后 after that ,no noe should ever kill a seagull . 从那时起，任何人不得捕杀海鸥。 6、by：在前(时间)，截止(到) by the time i arrived ,she had already gone . 在我到达之前，她已经走了。 7、for：达之久(表示过了多少时间),可以和一般现在时，过去时，将来时连用，但是经常和完成时连用。 florence often worked for twenty-four hours without rest . 弗洛沦斯常常工作 24 小时而不休息。 (10）from：从起(时间) the worders work from 7 in the morning to 7 in the evening .工人们从早 7 点工作到晚 7 点。 2、表示地点（at、in、on 、under、over、above、near、behind、in 、from) (1) at:在某地点(表示比较狭窄的场所) at school 上学 at home 在家 at 320 xinfu district 在新抚区 320 号 at the station 在火车站 (2)in:在某地(表示比较宽敞的场所) she will arrive in shanghai at ten .10 点她将到达上海。 (3)表示地点方向的 on ,under ,over ,above ,be