Would you know my name If I saw you in heaven Would it be the same If I saw you in heaven Would you hold my hand If I saw you in heaven Would you help me stand If I saw you in heaven 虚拟语气 the Subjunctive Mood (I)GRAMMER 语法2018/6/10(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的 话不是事实, 而是一种假设, 愿望, 怀疑,建 议或推测。虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语 从句, 也可用于名词性从句等。2018/6/10What would you do if you won the lottery(彩票)?If I won the lottery, I wouldIf I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. If I had a lot of money, I might buy a villa(别墅).If I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world.If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.If I had a lot of money, I might buy a villa(别墅). If I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world.条件 从句If 从句主句的谓语谓语 形式现现在 过去时/(were)would/could/should /might +v. (原)一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenFill in the blanks.If he had driven more carefully, the accident wouldnt have happened yesterday.If he had driven more carefully, the accident wouldnt have happened yesterday.If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able topaint such realistic pictures.条件 从句If 从句 主句的谓语谓语 形式过过去过去完成时had donewould/could/should/might + have donea. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedFill in the blanks.had metwould have goneIf it should snow tomorrow, we would take photos. If it were to snow tomorrow, we would take photos. If it snowed tomorrow, we would take photos.条件从句If 从句的谓语谓语形式主句的谓语谓语 形式未来1.should+ v.2.2.were to do3.过去时 would/could/ should/ might +v. (原)假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him?假如他看见我, 就会认识我。If he should see me, he would know me.注意：省略if倒装：Were I you, I would try it again. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. If I were you, I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.若虚拟条件句中有 were, had, should 时， 可省略 if 而将 were, had, should 移到句首。一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法时态If 从句的形式主句的形式现在过去未来did / werewould/could/should/ might +V.(原)would/could/should/ might+have done1. should do 2. were to do3.过去时would/could/should/might + V.(原)had done含蓄的虚拟语气 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是 通过一个介词来表示或通过上下文或其他方式表示 如“but for ”，“without ” “supposing ” “otherwise”等 表示含蓄的虚拟：Without the new paints and new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces. Without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist.1. I am not free today. If I _free today , I _ and visit some of my friends .A. am will go B. were , would goC. shall be D. be , must go 2. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _much easier. A. will be B. would have been C. could have been D. would be小试身手：3. If you _tomorrow, you _ find the new manager working in the office. A. should come; would B. would come; would C. will come; should D. comes; might 4. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother. A.has come B. did come C. came D. had come5. _it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum. A.Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 6. Without liberation(解放) we _ a new life. A. would not begin B. would not have been begun C. had not begun D. would not have begun7.But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English WritingCompetition. A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have wonWish 在动词wish后的宾语从句中, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的主观愿望,常用虚拟语气.1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式 (be动词一般用were) 。I wishI were as tall as you.I wish every day were my birthday.I wish I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had过去分词”。(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形 式为 “ would/could/might动词原形”。I wish he could go with us tomorrow. We wish our parents _ (punish) us.wouldnt punish1. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 2. How I wish I _to repair the watch! I only made it worse. A. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt tryas if/as though 由as if (as though) 引导的状语从句表示方式时, 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式 (be用were) 或 “had过去分词”。他那样对待我, 好像我是陌生人似的。He treats me as if I were a stranger.She talks about Rome as if she had been there herself.2. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 四个要求：demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语 气。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，should可以省