电动车无线供电系统拾取装置的设计 重庆大学硕士学位论文 （学术学位） 学生姓名：施 松 指导教师：苏玉刚 教 授 专 业：控制科学与工程 学科门类：工 学 重庆大学自动化学院 二 O 一三年四月 Pickup Device Design of the Wireless Power Supply System for Electric Vehicle A Thesis Submitted to Chongqing University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Masters Degree of Engineering By Shi Song Supervised by Prof. Su Yugang Specialty: Control Science and Engineering College of Automation of Chongqing University Chongqing, China April 2013 重庆大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要 I 摘 要 在当前能源、环境问题日益严重的大背景下，由于电动汽车具有低污染、低能耗、低维护成本等优点，有非常好的市场前景。但是目前市面上的电动汽车主要采用接触式的充电方法进行充电，这种充电方式具有容易产生磨损、容易产生电火花、不易维护、不够安全、不够美观等缺点。 无线电能传输技术的发展对于电动汽车来说是一个发展的机遇。感应耦合电能传输（Inductively Coupled Power Transfer，简称 ICPT）技术是实现无线电能传输的一种方式，由于其采用非接触的方式进行电能传输，因此它具有安全、灵活、容易维护、环境亲和力强等优点。 将 ICPT 技术运用在电动汽车的供电上，可以有两种方式：第一种是给电池进行无线充电，第二种是不使用电池，直接给电机进行无线供电。这将会消除采用接触式充电所带来的安全隐患。 本文针对的是本人所在实验室的电动车无线充供电示范系统，主要研究拾取相关技术，并为示范系统设计一套电能拾取装置。 首先分析了电动车无线充供电示范系统的功能需求。并根据示范系统的功能需求，分析拾取端两种谐振补偿网络的特点以及几种基本 DC-DC 电路的特点，以及各种功率控制策略，选择了合适的谐振补偿网络，并设计了一种适合示范系统的 DC-DC 变换电路以及功率控制策略。 其次依据示范系统的实际情况，对拾取装置进行等效处理，并由此得到整个无线供电系统的互感模型。 重点分析大电流的工作条件下互感值和耦合机构效率、最大传输功率的关系。根据所得的关系式，针对实际情况就互感值这个参数进行优化分析，选择合适的互感值，并建立仿真模型验证。 然后分析了实际电路设计中整流电路浪涌电流以及 BUCK-BOOST 级联式电路开关管的尖峰问题，并给出了解决方法。对充电器供电时采用滞环控制方法进行稳压控制，对电控系统供电时采用 PI 控制方法进行稳压控制， 并建立仿真模型进行仿真验证。 最后搭建了硬件电路，进行实验。实验结果验证了本装置的实用性。 关键字：关键字：电动汽车，ICPT，电能拾取，稳压控制 重庆大学硕士学位论文 英文摘要 II ABSTRACT Currently, energy and environmental issues have become increasingly serious. In this case, because of electric vehicles(EV) having the advantages of low pollution, low energy consumption, low maintenance costs, there is a very good market prospect for them. But electric vehicles in the market at present are mainly charging in a contactless method. This charging method has the following disadvantages: easy to wear, easy to produce sparks, difficult to maintain, not safe enough and not beautiful. The development of wireless power transfer technology is a development opportunity for electric vehicles. Inductively coupled power transfer (Inductively Coupled Power Transfer, referred ICPT) technology is a direction of wireless power transfer technology. It is safe, flexible, easy to maintain, and has strong environmental affinity due to its non-contact power transmission. There are two ways to introduce ICPT technology into power supply system of EV. The first is charging battery in a wireless way, and the second is supplying power directly to the motor without battery in a wireless way. This will eliminate the security risks when using a contactless charging method. This design is for a demo system of wireless power supply for EV, the demo system is owned by our laboratory. The main research content is pickup technology design of the demo system. First, the paper analyzes the functional requirements of the demo system. According to the requirements, the paper analyzes the characteristics of the two kinds of pick-up end of the two resonant compensation networks of the pickup circuit , the characteristics of several basic DC-DC circuits, and every power control strategy. A suitable compensation network, DC-DC conversion topology, and power control strategy are used in designing the system. Secondly, the paper calculates the pick-up device equivalently according to the requirements of wireless power supply system, and thus get the entire mutual inductance model of the power supply system. It mainly focuses on the analysis of the relationship between the mutual inductance and the efficiency, maximum transfer power of the coupling mechanism when the current is large. According to the relationship, some optimization analyses on the mutual inductance value are made for the actual situation. Then suitable mutual inductance value is selected and robust 重庆大学硕士学位论文 英文摘要 III model is built for the simulation. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the inrush current in rectifier circuit and the spike of switch tube in DC-DC circuit, and gives the solutions. PI control method is applied for voltage control when supplying power to the charger while hysteresis control method is applied for voltage control when supplying power to the motor. Then, the simulation model is built. Finally, the hardware circuit is designed for experiments based on the analysis and simulation results. The results show the effectiveness of the design for the demo system. Keywords：Electric Vehicle, ICPT, Pickup,Output Control. 重庆大学硕士学位论文 目 录 IV 目 录 中文摘要中文摘要 I 英文摘要英文摘要