1牛津高中英语模块一牛津高中英语模块一第一单元第一单元一一 定语从句：定语从句的介绍定语从句：定语从句的介绍11 就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所 修饰的名词称为先行词。修饰的名词称为先行词。 形容词：The形容词：The greengreen teamteam 介词短语：The介词短语：The teamteam inin greengreen 定语从句：The定语从句：The teamteam whowho werewere wearingwearing greengreen22 定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which,定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which, that,that, who,who, whom,whom, whose,或关系副词来引导，如when,whose,或关系副词来引导，如when, where,where, why。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；关系副词可以在定语why。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；关系副词可以在定语 从句中担当状语。从句中担当状语。 如：做主语The如：做主语The treestrees whichwhich areare onon thethe schoolschool campuscampus havehave lostlost theirtheir leaves.leaves. 做宾语The做宾语The studentstudent whomwhom wewe sawsaw justjust nownow isis thethe bestbest runnerrunner inin ourour school.school. 做表语Jack做表语Jack isis nono longerlonger thethe lazylazy boyboy thatthat hehe usedused toto be.be. 做定语She做定语She hashas a a brotherbrother whosewhose namename I I cantcant remember.remember. 做状语The做状语The schoolschool wherewhere hehe studiedstudied isis inin Shenzhen.Shenzhen.二二 定语从句：关系代词：that，which，who，whom，和whose定语从句：关系代词：that，which，who，whom，和whose11 在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。 如：This如：This isis thethe storystory thatthat /which/which wewe wrotewrote forfor ourour storytellingstorytelling contest.contest. 22 在定语从句中，who在定语从句中，who 用来指代人。用来指代人。 如：I如：I amam goinggoing toto seesee a a friendfriend whowho hashas justjust comecome backback fromfrom thethe UK.UK. 33 当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who更正式。当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who更正式。 如：I如：I dontdont knowknow thethe namename ofof thethe teacherteacher who/whomwho/whom I I sawsaw inin thethe computercomputer roomroom thethe otherother day.day. 44 当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which和that可以被省略。当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which和that可以被省略。 如：He如：He likeslikes allall thethe birthdaybirthday presents(that/which)hispresents(that/which)his friendsfriends gavegave him.him. 55 Whose用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。Whose用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。 如：I如：I satsat nextnext toto a a girlgirl whosewhose namename waswas Diane.Diane. TheThe clubclub whosewhose membersmembers areare musicmusic fansfans meetmeet inin thethe schoolschool gardengarden everyevery 2SaturdaySaturday afternoon.afternoon.第二单元第二单元一一 定语从句：介词提前的定语从句定语从句：介词提前的定语从句 （prepositionwhich;（prepositionwhich; prepositionwhom）prepositionwhom）11 当关系代词（which/whom）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的当关系代词（which/whom）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的 前面。前面。 如：We如：We thoughtthought youyou werewere a a personperson fromfrom whomwhom wewe couldcould expectexpect goodgood decisions.decisions. 22 在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。 如：Art如：Art isis thethe subjectsubject whichwhich I I knowknow littlelittle about.about. 33 如果介词放在定语从句的最后，which如果介词放在定语从句的最后，which 可以被that取代，whom可以被that和who取代。可以被that取代，whom可以被that和who取代。 如：Dad如：Dad isis a a personperson whom/that/whowhom/that/who I I cancan easilyeasily talktalk to.to. 44 当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常 省略关系代词who和that。省略关系代词who和that。 如：The如：The topictopic (which)(which) EricEric isis interestedinterested inin isis Physics.Physics. DanielDaniel isis thethe personperson (whom)(whom) I I wantwant toto makemake friendsfriends with.with. 55 当先行词是way时，我们用in当先行词是way时，我们用in which或that来引导定语从句，这种情况下，inwhich或that来引导定语从句，这种情况下，in which或thatwhich或that 可以被省略。可以被省略。 如：I如：I didntdidnt likelike thethe wayway (that(that /in/in which)which) sheshe talkedtalked toto me.me.二二 定语从句：关系副词：when，where，定语从句：关系副词：when，where， whywhy1我们通常用关系副词when1我们通常用关系副词when 引导先行词是time，moment，day，引导先行词是time，moment，day， season，yearseason，year 等的定语从句。等的定语从句。 如：Do如：Do youyou rememberremember thethe dayday whenwhen wewe leftleft youyou inin charge?charge? I I oftenoften thinkthink ofof thethe momentmoment whenwhen I I sawsaw thethe UFO.UFO. 2我们通常用关系副词where引导先行词是place，house，city，country，city，world2我们通常用关系副词where引导先行词是place，house，city，country，city，world 等的定语从句。等的定语从句。 如：The如：The policepolice searchedsearched thethe househouse wherewhere thethe thiefthief hadhad stayed.stayed. ThisThis isis notnot a a familyfamily wherewhere badbad behaviorbehavior goesgoes unpunished.unpunished. 3我们通常用关系副词why引导先行词是reason的定语从句。3我们通常用关系副词why引导先行词是reason的定语从句。 如：I如：I dontdont knowknow thethe reasonreason whywhy thethe househouse isis soso dirty.dirty. 4在更加正式的英语中，where，when和why能够被介词which4在更加正式的英语中，where，when和why能够被介词which 所替代。所替代。 如：The如：The studystudy isis thethe placeplace where/inwhere/in whichwhich I I oftenoften havehave talkstalks withwith mymy father.father. ThisThis isis thethe reasonreason why/forwhy/for whichwhich mymy parentsparents gotgot homehome earlier.earlier. ItIt rainedrained thethe wholewhole dayday when/onwhe