877877INDEXINDEXA AAbsoluteencoders,391Accelerationerrorcoefficient(c2),389 Accelerometers,84,390 Accuracy,5,117 ofdata,213214 ofservomechanisms,621625 thermocouple,144 ACFM(actualcubicfeetperminute),175 Achievedtemperature,132 acimpedancebridgetransducers,111115 capacitive,114115 inductive,112114 Acousticvelocityprobes,172173 Acrossvariables(term),303,304 acservomotors,seeAlternating-current servomotors Actionblocks,684,685 Action-dependentHDP(ADHDP),816 817 Actualcubicfeeperminute(ACFM),175 Actuators,392399 electromechanical,392394 hydraulic,394396 pneumatic,396399 Actuatorcompensation,804806 AdamsBashforthcorrectormethods,356, 357 AdamsMoultoncorrectormethods,356, 357 Adaptivecontrol,441442,797798 Adaptivecritics,816 Adaptivereinforcementlearning,809810 A/Dconverters,seeAnalog-to-digital converters Adders,249,406,407 Addition: binary,846 blockdiagramof,456,457 Boolean,248 ADHDP,seeAction-dependentHDP Adhesives,77 Adjustment,279Admittances,39.SeealsoImpedance(s) chordal,5354 computing,4041 inseries/parallel,3940 ADP,seeApproximatedynamic programming Advanceoperator,378 Aeronautics,444 Aliasing,185,198,199 Alloys,134 AlNiComagnets,552,553 Alterables(term),269 Alternatehypothesis,23 Alternating-current(ac)servomotors,557 562 dcservomotorsvs.,546 mathematicalmodelsof,559562 typesof,557559 AmericanStandardCodeforInformation Interchange(ASCII)code,849 Ammeters,834835Amplifiers,311 functionof,386 linear,569 PWM,569572 Amplitudecondition,518526 Amplitudefrequencyresponsetests,96 Analogs(term),314,315 Analogcomputation,492,494500 Analogcontrollers,669672 AnalogDevices(company),872,874 Analogelectronics,826840 circuitanalysisin,831833definitionsusedin,827828 electricalelementsin,828831,832 examplesof,838840 RL/RCtransientresponsein,835838 sources/metersin,834835Analogfilters,191198 Butterworth,193194 elliptical,195,196 inverseTchebyshev,195,196 leastsquaresmethodofdesigning,196, 197Mechanical Engineers Handbook: Instrumentation, Systems, Controls, and MEMS, Volume 2, Third Edition. Edited by Myer Kutz Copyright 2006 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.878878IndexAnalogfilters(continued) prototypecircuitfor,197,198 Tchebyshev,194195 Analoginstruments,118 Analogsimulation,352 Analog-to-digital(A/D)converters,211, 425,852 Anchoring,279 AND(Booleanmultiply),246,247 Anglecondition,518526 Angularvelocity,391 ANSYS,867,868 Antifuseswitch,252 Apercentlinearityornonlinearity,118 119 Apollospacecraft,444Application-specificintegratedcircuits (ASICs),241 Approximatedynamicprogramming (ADP),794795,815816,819820 APT(AutomaticallyProgrammedTools) language,697,706709Arbitraryfrequencyresponsecurvefitting, 196,197 Architectingphase(systemdesign),289 290 Armature-controlleddcmotors,392,393 ASCII(AmericanStandardCodefor InformationInterchange)code,849ASICs(application-specificintegrated circuits),241 Askingapproachtorequirementsidentification,268 Aspiratedprobes,151 Astablemultivibrators,243 Asymptoticstability,475 Asynchronousserialdatatransfer,852, 853 A-typeelement,305,307,312 Autocorrelationfunction,363 AutomaticallyProgrammedTools language,seeAPTlanguage Automobilesuspension,41,43 Automotiveindustry,444 Availabilityofinformation,279 Availabletemperature,132B BBackemf,393 Backingmaterial,strain-gauge,76Backlash,500,661,805806 Backlashnonlinearity,372 Backsteppingneurocontrollers,801 Balanced-designactuators,574,575 BaldwinLimaHamilton(BLH) Corporation,73Bandpassfilters,203204Bandrejectfilters,204205 Bandwidth,340 Bang-bangcontrolproblem,442 Bartlettwindow,200,201 Baserate,279280Beamflexureusedinaccelerometer,84 Behavioralevaluation,294295 BehindtheTapeReader(BTR),697 BellLabs,444 Bellows,396,397 Bent-axispistonservomotors,575,576, 578 Beststraightline,94 Binaryaddition,846 Binarynumbers,844847,849 additionof,846 ofdifferentsize,844845 andhexadecimalnumbers,845846 twoscomplementof,846847BipolardrivePWMamplifiers,570 Bipolarshunting,97,98 Bipolar-woundsteppermotors,564,567 Bistablemultivibrators,243 Bits,845 Black,H.S.,444 Blackmanwindow,200,201 BLHElectronics,73,80 Blockdiagramreduction,457460 Blockdiagrams,328330,456460 addition,456,457 ofcontrolsystems,384386 multiplication,457 reductionof,457460 takeoffpoint,457 transferfunctionsofcascadedelements, 458460 Blocks,programming,702,705706 Bode,H.W.,444 Bodediagrams/plots,339343,345,347, 349,419,421,508 Boiler-generators,440 Boltedassemblies,fatiguein,52 Bondingadhesives,77Index879879Boole,George,246 Booleanlogicnotation,246 Bourdon,Eugene,70 Bourdontubes,7071 Boxcaralgorithm,220,221 Brainstorming,270 Brainwriting,270 Branches,311,312 Breakpoints,519,520,523 Bridgeequations,8286 Bridgeexcitation,102103 Bridgesubstitution,99101 Bridgetransducers,69115 acimpedance,111115 calibration,93102 excitation,102103flexuraldevices,7073 noiseconsiderations,105111 resistancebalancemethods,9193 resistancestraingauge,7382signalamplification,103104 sliprings,104,105 Wheatstonebridge,8191 Brusheddcservomotors,546552 Brushle