2011年年12月大学英语四级真题及答案（仔细阅读部分）月大学英语四级真题及答案（仔细阅读部分）仔细阅读：仔细阅读：Passage One：Absence of girls removes pressure to conform to masculine stereotype， claims US researcher美国研究者认为，男女分校有利于帮男生消除男性形象的压力Rachel Williams The Guardian， Wednesday 20 January 2010Boys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art， dance and music， according to research released today据今日发布的研究表示，男校是教育年轻男性表达情感最佳的地点，也更有可能让他 们进行艺术、跳舞和音乐等活动。Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity in which students either sink or swim， the absence of girlsgives boys the chance to develop without pressure toconform to a stereotype， the US study says这项美国研究说明，与传统文化形象强调的凡事靠自己、进取向上的男性特征不同， 学校里没有女生，给了男生在没有典型形象压力下自主发展的机会。Boys at single sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness， rather than feeling they had to conform to the “boy code“ of hiding their emotions to be a “real man“在男校里，男生们可以有更多的机会参与文化和艺术活动，帮助他们发展情感表现力。 他们不用强迫自己遵守“男生代码”，隐藏内心的感情表现得像个“真正的男人”。The report， presented at a conference of the International Boys Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools， goes against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls该研究报告发表于在伦敦举行的国际男校联盟会议上，众多私立学校和公立学校的主 管领导与会。报告驳斥了认为男生跟女生一起能学得更好的传统常识。The headmaster of Eton， Tony Little， warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls， despite the fact that girls “turn on the waterworks“伊顿公学的校长 Tony Little 警告说，现在的英国教育体系太过关注女生，可能会造成 男生的教育失败。他批评教师们没有意识到，虽然女生很容易哭泣，但男生其实比女生情 感更丰富。The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading， because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls They also felt they had to be “cool“ rather than studious研究认为，在男女混合学校中，男生通常表现较差。因为女生的左脑发展较快，所以 女生在口语技能和阅读能力方面的优势会较早突显，相形见绌之下，男生会士气低落，会 觉得表现得酷酷地比学习用功更自在。But in single sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys learning style， letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom， wrote the studys author， education expert Abigail James， of the University of Virginia该研究的作者是弗吉尼亚大学大学的教育专家 Abigail James。他在文中写到，在男校 中，教师会为男生们量身制作适合他们学习方式的课程，允许他们在教室自由活动，组队 竞赛避免沉闷。Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically “boyfocused“ approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them Boys in boys schools “loved“ topen verse because they enjoyed the “inherent structure in poems“， James said Because， the researchers say， boys generally have better spatial skills， more acute vision， learn best through touch， are more impulsive and more physically active， they need to be given “handson“ lessons where they are allowed to walk around， with this natural impulse not seen as disruptive “Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes，“ James wroteAbigail James 表示，教师可以采用特定的“以男生为中心”的教学方式，选一些会吸引 男生的主题和人物，鼓励他们享受阅读和写作的乐趣。男校的男生会“热爱”写诗，因为他 们喜欢“诗歌的内在结构”。James 表示，这是因为男生通常空间技巧更强，视觉更敏锐， 触觉是他们最好的学习方式，他们比女生更冲动也更好动，所以需要为男生提供一些“实践 操作”的课程，可以允许他们在教室里自由活动，这样才不至于破坏他们的本性。James 在 文中写到：“男女混校中的男生会觉得古典音乐很女人，所以会更喜欢主题为暴力和性别主 义的现代音乐。 ”Single sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be “masterful and in charge“ in relationships “In the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mixed schools， boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means，“ the report said分校教育也可以让男生不用遵守另外一种固定形象：那就是女生通常会从电影电视中 总结出男生在男女关系中专横和负责的形象。报告中表示：“现在的男女混校明显存在性别 化氛围，男生还没有对自己有足够多的了解懂得男性特征的意义，就被迫要表现得像个男 人一样。 ”Passage 157 C encourage boys to express their emotions more freely58 A perform relatively better59 C It fails to give boys the attention they need60 A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys61 B They conform to stereotypesPassage Two：Are money problems driving you apart?是钱的问题让你们分手了？Sometimes love really can be measured in pounds and pence有时候爱情可能真的会用金钱来衡量。Its an annual argument Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go， or the roof fall off， and we have no savings to save us I say that you only live once and we work hard and whats the point if you cant go on holiday The joy of a recession means no argument next year we just wont go每年大家都会因为这个吵来吵去：我们去不去旅行？我家的那位会说不去，因为热水器可能会坏，屋顶可能会塌下来，我们没钱救自己。我会说人只能活一次，我们工作这么 辛苦，不去度假生活又有什么意义。不好今年经济不景气也好，明年不会吵架了，因为我 们是不会去旅行了。Since money is reputed to be one of the things most likely to bring a relation