1. California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.population(1) 对人口提问用what, 不用 how many, how much。e.g. Whats the population of the city?这个城市有多少人口？(2) population作主语时用单数，但前有 分数，小数，百分数时，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. The population of China is larger than that of America.中国人口比美国人口多。80% of the population are farmers.百分之80的人口是农民。(3) 人口的增加或减少用grow (increase) 和fall (decrease); 人口的多少用large 和small。 2. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的一条大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。means n. 方式, 手段(单复数相同)。 e.g. Every possible means has been tried, but none has worked. Some means are practical while others are not.by means of 用方式by this means (in this way) 用这种方式 e.g. He succeeded by means of hard work. 联想记忆：by no means 决不，一点也不 e.g. She is by no means poor; in fact, she is very rich.3. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, majority n. 大多数 1) the majority of the people 大多数人2) majority常与a /the 连用;most后接名词或 of + n.e.g. The majority of the people are against the idea of building a new factory here. 大多数人都反对在这儿建一个新工 厂的主意。=Most people/ Most of the people are against the idea of building a new factory here. the majority单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时， 谓语动词用复数。a / the majority of + n. 后可用不可数名词，也可用可数名词复数，谓语动词由后面的名词决定 。 注 意The majority _ for the budget.The majority of students _ hard-working. The majority of the damage _ easy to repair. was / wereareis4. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century when they fought against the native people and took their land.16世纪早期, 西班牙士兵到达南美洲, 这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。fight for 为事业, 自由, 真理, 权利等而斗争(战斗)fight for, fight against & fight withe.g. They are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。fight against (可用with) the enemy “为反对而斗争”；(接人和国家名词) “与战斗”fight with sb. 也可表示与某人并肩作战5. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.有的人死了，有的人回家了，但是大部分人留在了加利福尼亚，尽管遇到了很 大的困难，也开始了新的生活。make a life 开始新的生活e.g. They go to big cities to make a life.关于 life的短语：earn / make a living lead / live a . life谋生过着.的生活6. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, 人们认为很快民族就会大融合在一起，从而没有了非常明显的主要种族或文化群体之分。人们认为.mix vt. & vi. 混合、掺和 mix A with B 1) He mixed red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint.2) It is better to mix work with pleasure. 联想记忆：mixture n. 混合物mixed adj. 混合的, 复杂的, 男女混合的Hearing the news, I had _ feelings.The city is a _ of ancient and modern buildings.mixedmixtureHe is famous for _ Chinese traditional music _ western performance forms and instruments.mixing withnationality 国籍, 民族 1) What is your nationality? Im Chinese.2) to take American nationality 加入美国国籍7. , which today still keeps up their Danish culture. 阅读下列句子，观察keep up在句中的意思。 1) Today the people in the village still keep up their original culture. 2) The snowstorm kept up for five days. 沿袭（风俗、传统等）保持，持续3) I see youre getting along well with your English studies. Splendid! You must keep up the good work.坚持，维持keep up with 跟上，不落在后面；了解；保持联系keep off 挡住；（使）避开 keep on 继续（干）；坚持（干）1. They could not keep up with us when we climbed the mountain.爬山的时候，他们跟不上我们。2. She held an old piece of cloth over them both to keep the rain off.她把一块旧布料披在他们身上挡雨。3. You just have to keep on trying.选用以上短语的适当形式填空。 1. In some parks, visitors are requested to _ the grass. 2. Lets hope the sunny weather _ for Saturdays tennis match.keep offkeeps up1. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 分析 a. 本句是一个主从复合句, 也是个倒装句。 b. 主句是 _, 从句是 when引导的宾语从句。 c. 在宾语从句中, what引导的从句作介词in的宾语。no one really knows考点 exactly精确地，恰好，完全。可构成not exactly，表示“一点也不，不完全是”。2. In more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians.最近几十年, 加利福尼亚成了更多亚洲人的家, 其中包括韩国人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。1) 这是一个简单句。句中有in the past few years, in recent years等时间状语 时, 句子的谓语动词通常用现在完成时。 2) In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my hometown. 2) including是介词, 意为“包括 (于之中)”。1. What n_ are you? I am Chinese. 2. Only a few of them thought highly of the plan. The _ (大多数) were against it. 3. The Taiwan _ (海峡) separates Taiwan Island from the mainland.I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母 或汉语提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。nationality majority Strait4. _ (移民) in the 1980s was very high.5. Radio and television are important m_ of communication.6. The unemployment _ (百分比) keeps rising.7. R_ (种族的) conflicts still exist in many countries.Immigrationmeans percentageRacial1. He crossed the river _ a raft.2. She hopes to _ from writing childrens books.II. 用所给词组的适当形式填空。b