高考二轮复习 语法系统讲解 三、代词 一、人称代词一、人称代词 . .人称代词的人称代词的主格作主语主格作主语，宾格作宾语宾格作宾语 、表语和介词宾语、表语和介词宾语。 E.gE.g: : TheyThey are our close friends. are our close friends. Jim told Jim told usus to leave to leave himhim alone. alone. - - Who is knocking at the door? Who is knocking at the door? - Its - Its meme. . I I will go with will go with herher. . Dont place so much pressure onDont place so much pressure on us us. . 2.2.在在thanthan引起的从句中，引起的从句中，如不跟其他词，如不跟其他词， 常可用人称代词的宾格常可用人称代词的宾格, ,如跟其他词如跟其他词, ,则必则必 须用人称代词的主格须用人称代词的主格 egeg: He is more intelligent than : He is more intelligent than her/sheher/she (is). (is). Lucy works harder than Lucy works harder than me/I me/I (do).(do). 3.3.在电话用语中常用主格。在电话用语中常用主格。 egeg: -I wish to speak to Mary. : -I wish to speak to Mary. -This is -This is she.she. 4.4.在在简短对话简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或中，当人称代词单独使用或 在在not not 后多用宾格。后多用宾格。 egeg: -Have more wine? -: -Have more wine? - Not meNot me. . - I like English. - - I like English. - Me tooMe too. . 5.5.在介词在介词but, exceptbut, except后后, ,有时可用主格也有时可用主格也 可用宾格。可用宾格。 egeg: Nobody knows him except : Nobody knows him except I/me.I/me. 二、物主代词二、物主代词 1.1.形容词性的物主代词只作定语形容词性的物主代词只作定语, ,也就是也就是 一定要名词一定要名词 my our your his her theirmy our your his her their Eg:TheirEg:Their parents are workers. parents are workers. 2.2.名词性的物主代词名词性的物主代词可作主语、宾语、表可作主语、宾语、表 语和与语和与ofof连用作定语。连用作定语。 mine ours yours his hers mine ours yours his hers theirstheirs It is not our classroom. It is not our classroom. OursOurs is on is on the second floor.the second floor. She didnt bring her pen, so I gave She didnt bring her pen, so I gave her her minemine. . 1. _classroom is on the second floor. (A. Our, B. We, C. Ours) 2. Please return _books in time. (A. they, B. their, C. theirs) 3.This is not_ book._ is on the desk. A. your, Yours B. yours, Your; C. you; Yours 4.Our room is over _. (A. your B yours C. you) 5.A friend of _ will come to see me.A. me B. I C. my D. mineABABD 3. 3. 在汉语中，在汉语中，“ “我的我的” ”，“ “你的你的” ”这类词有时这类词有时 可以省掉，英语中物主代词一般不省掉。可以省掉，英语中物主代词一般不省掉。 egeg: Hand in : Hand in youryour exercise-books, exercise-books, please. please. He picked up He picked up hishis cap and left the cap and left the room.room. Dont put Dont put youryour hands in hands in youryour pockets.pockets. do do onesones homework homework in in onesones spare time spare time in in onesones twenties twenties三、反身代词三、反身代词 myself ourselves yourself myself ourselves yourself yourselves yourselves himself herself themselveshimself herself themselves 1.1.一般情况下，主语和宾语是同一人一般情况下，主语和宾语是同一人 时，宾语用反身代词时，宾语用反身代词 EgEg: I teach : I teach myselfmyself English. English. He bought He bought himselfhimself a car. a car. 2. 2. 反身代词常和某些动词连用。反身代词常和某些动词连用。 be oneself be oneself 处于正常状态，显 处于正常状态，显 得自然得自然 enjoy oneselfenjoy oneself help oneself tohelp oneself to 随便吃用 随便吃用 come to oneselfcome to oneself 苏醒 苏醒 make oneself at homemake oneself at home 别客气 别客气 dress oneself in = be dressed indress oneself in = be dressed in seat oneself = be seatedseat oneself = be seated devote oneself to = be devoted todevote oneself to = be devoted to 专心于；忠诚于；孝顺；献身于专心于；忠诚于；孝顺；献身于 3. 3. 用于某些固定短语。用于某些固定短语。 by oneself: by oneself: 自己一个人干（不要别人帮助自己一个人干（不要别人帮助 ），）， for oneself: for oneself: 替自己，替自己， 为自己为自己 in oneself: in oneself: 本身本身 between ourselves: between ourselves: 私下说的话（不可告私下说的话（不可告 诉别人）诉别人） to oneself: to oneself: 供自己用供自己用 I can do it I can do it by myself.by myself. She bought a dress She bought a dress for herself.for herself. This is not a bad idea This is not a bad idea in itself.in itself. All this is All this is between ourselves.between ourselves. She had a room She had a room to herself.to herself. I havent I havent been myselfbeen myself for weeks. for weeks. 指示代词指示代词this/these; that/thosethis/these; that/those 1.that1.that指前面说的话指前面说的话,this,this指后面要说的指后面要说的 话话 That is the story heThat is the story he told told me. me. Listen! This is the story I Listen! This is the story I want to want to tell you.tell you. 2.2.当前面出现两个名词时，当前面出现两个名词时，thatthat指代前面指代前面 的名词，的名词，thisthis指代后面的名词指代后面的名词 HealthHealth is above is above wealthwealth. . ThisThis cannot cannot give as much happiness as give as much happiness as thatthat. . 3.3.在在比较句型比较句型中中,that /those,that /those常用来代表前常用来代表前 面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词；如果面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词；如果 这个名词是单数可数名词，用这个名词是单数可数名词，用the onethe one的时的时 候更多一些。候更多一些。 egeg: These machines are better than : These machines are be