Noun ClauseNoun Clause 名词性从句名词性从句1 1、本讲内容：、本讲内容：学习名词性从句。学习名词性从句。2 2、学习要求：、学习要求：（1 1）掌握名词性从句的种类。）掌握名词性从句的种类。（2 2）引导名词性从句的连接词。）引导名词性从句的连接词。（3 3）初步学会运用名词性从句。）初步学会运用名词性从句。名词性从句名词性从句3 3、学习指导：、学习指导：（1 1）本讲重点：）本讲重点：名词性从句的种类。名词性从句的种类。（2 2）本讲难点：）本讲难点：名词性从句的语序。名词性从句的语序。4 4、典型例题解析、典型例题解析 ：名词性从句包括主语从句、表名词性从句包括主语从句、表 语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 它的功能相当于名词，引导名词性它的功能相当于名词，引导名词性 从句的引导词归纳起来可分为以下从句的引导词归纳起来可分为以下 三类。三类。功能功能例例词词词词从属从属 连词连词连词连词只只起起连连连连接作接作 用，不充当从用，不充当从 句中的任何作句中的任何作 用。用。that, whether,that, whether, if if，as ifas if（只用只用 于表于表词词词词从句）从句）功能功能例例词词词词连连连连接接 代代词词词词既起既起连连连连接作用接作用 ，本身又做从，本身又做从 句的主句的主语语语语、宾宾宾宾 语语语语、表、表语语语语或定或定 语语语语。Who,whom,Who,whom, whose,what,whose,what,which which功能功能例例词词词词连连连连接接 副副词词词词既起既起连连连连接作用接作用 ，本身又做从，本身又做从 句的状句的状语语语语。when,where,when,where,why,how why,how用用howhow组组组组成的成的 词组词组词组词组 ，如：，如：how many,how many,how much how much1 1、主词从句、主词从句(1) (1) That he will comeThat he will come is certain. is certain.(2) (2) Whether she is coming or notWhether she is coming or not doesnt doesnt matter too much. matter too much.(3) (3) What surprised me mostWhat surprised me most was to see was to see some of the village people seated on some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room. the benches at the end of the room.(4) (4) Which team will win the matchWhich team will win the match is a is a matter of public concern. matter of public concern.(5) (5) Where she has goneWhere she has gone is not known yet. is not known yet.当主语从句较长时，多放在句子后当主语从句较长时，多放在句子后 部，用部，用 it it 作形式主语。作形式主语。以以it it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常 用句型有：用句型有：1. It+be+1. It+be+形容词形容词+that+that从句从句It is/was certain that clauseIt is/was certain that clauseclear clearimportant importantnecessary necessaryprobable probablepossible possible（1 1）It is certain It is certain that she will do that she will do well in her exam. well in her exam.（2 2） It is probable It is probable that he told that he told me everything. me everything.2 2、It + be + It + be + 名词词组名词词组 + that+ that从句从句It is / was a pity that clauseIt is / was a pity that clauseshame shameduty duty (1) It is a pity (1) It is a pity that we cant go.that we cant go.(2) It is no surprise (2) It is no surprise that our team should that our team should have won the game. have won the game.3 3、It + be + It + be + 过去分词过去分词 + that+ that从句从句It is said that clauseIt is said that clausereported reportedthought thoughthoped hopedbelieved believedknown known (1) It is said (1) It is said that he is the best that he is the best student in the class. student in the class.(2) It is thought (2) It is thought that Joe drives that Joe drives badly. badly.4 4、It + seem, happen, appearIt + seem, happen, appear等不及物等不及物动词动词 + that+ that从句。从句。(1) It seems (1) It seems that Alice is not coming to that Alice is not coming to the party at all. the party at all.(2) It happened (2) It happened that I was out that day.that I was out that day.(1) This was (1) This was what Tom was reading.what Tom was reading.(2) The truth is (2) The truth is that I have never been there.that I have never been there.(3) It looks (3) It looks as if it is going to rain.as if it is going to rain.(4) The reason why he was late was (4) The reason why he was late was that he got that he got up late.up late.(5) This is (5) This is how we overcame the difficulties.how we overcame the difficulties.(6) That is (6) That is why she was absent yesterday.why she was absent yesterday.(7) The house is (7) The house is where Lu where Lu XunXun once lived. once lived.2 2、表语从句：、表语从句：比较下列两句话：比较下列两句话：Is it Is it becausebecause we are closer to the we are closer to the sun in summer than we are in winter.sun in summer than we are in winter.The reason why he didnt come The reason why he didnt come was was thatthat he was ill. he was ill.3 3、宾语从句、宾语从句 1 1、用作及物动词的宾语、用作及物动词的宾语(1) They pretended (1) They pretended that they were reading in the that they were reading in the room.room.(2) I didnt know (2) I didnt know what they were talking about.what they were talking about.(3) Do you know (3) Do you know why winter is colder than why winter is colder than summer?summer?(4) He couldnt tell (4) He couldnt tell where his home was.where his home was.(5) John made the boy sit still, promising (5) John made the boy sit still, promising that that nothing would hurt him.nothing would hurt him.引导宾语从句的连词引导宾语从句的连词thatthat常可省常可省 去，特别在口语中是这样。去，特别在口语中是这样。注意：注意：whether whether 和和 if if 引导的宾语从句：引导的宾语从句：whether whether 和和 if if 引导宾语从句时可引导宾语从句时可 以互换使用，但下列情况用以互换使用，但下列情况用whetherwhether 不用不用if if。（1 1） 在在whether or notwhether or not结构中不可结构中不可 用用if if代替代替whethe