上海交通大学硕士论文 - V - 基于嵌入式 Web 技术的电力线载波通信网络远程监控系统开发研究 摘 要 电力线载波通信(Power Line Carrier，PLC)技术是采用电力线传送数据和话音信号的一种通信方式。该技术是将载有信息的高频信号加载到电力线上，用电线进行数据传输， 然后通过专用的电力线调制解调器将高频信号从电力线上分离出来，传送到终端设备。早期的 PLC 应用主要是电力部门通过高压输电网进行载波通讯用于电力调度和电网管理，而利用低压输电线路组成数据通信网络，则是近十几年迅速发展起来的一门新技术。 电力供电网络四通八达, 低压电力线连接千家万户, 构成了最普及的网络。利用它进行数据通信, 传递各种信息, 不占用无线频道资源, 亦无需铺设专用通讯线路, 省工、省钱、维护简单，从而能够充分利用电力设施，发挥电力资源优势，发展电力通信产业。因此，研究开发低压电力线通信技术具有十分广阔的前景。 我国在低压电力线载波数据通信方面的应用尚处于起步阶段， 目前最成功的应用是远程集中抄表系统。而这几年在国外，电力线作为一种家庭总线，已经开始应用于家庭智能化和网络服务的接入。因此，在我国，对低压电力线载波通信及其应用方面的研究，还具有非常重大的意义。 随着计算机技术和网络技术的迅速发展，Internet 得到了广泛的应用，实现了大范围的信息高速传输和资源共享。 同时嵌入式系统也广泛应用于各种电器产品、智能仪表和控制设备中，它与 Internet 的结合是一种必然的趋势。基于 Internet 的远程监控系统是信息网络与控制网络结合的产物，它借助网络完成监视与控制任务，将监控范围扩展到更广的空间，进一步推进了控制技术向网络化、分散化和开放化发展。 本课题在研究了电力线载波技术、远程监控技术以及嵌入式 Web 技术的基础上，以嵌入式系统为基本开发平台，针对电力线载波通信网络研究构建一个基上海交通大学硕士论文 - VI - 于以太网的远程监控系统。主要内容包括电力线载波通信模块设计、网络服务器和 CGI 程序设计、嵌入式系统数据采集处理程序设计以及嵌入式数据库管理系统设计等。该系统实现了对电力线载波通信网络各端口数据的采集、处理，数据库数据存储和管理， 并通过构建网络服务器将该嵌入式系统和远端的控制平台相联， 建立两系统间通信及交互从而实现对整个电力线载波通信网络各节点的远程监视和控制，该系统将电力线载波通信网络和广泛应用的以太网络结合在一起，突破了以往电力线载波网络只能在一个变压器范围内进行传输和控制的不足， 该系统具有一定的应用创新性，可应用于家庭自动化、远程抄表、远程监控及报警网络等相关领域，具有很强的实用前景。 关键词：关键词：电力线载波、嵌入式系统、远程监控、嵌入式 Linux、Web 服务器、进程通信、嵌入式数据库 上海交通大学硕士论文 - VII - Development of Remote Supervisory System for PLC Network Based on Embedded Web Technology Abstract Power Line Carrier (PLC) technology is a special communicate way to transmit data or signals on electrical wire, the working process of which is that the information that needs to be sent is firstly modulated in a high-frequency signal which will be loaded and transmitted on power line, and at terminal special PLC modem separates this information from high-frequency signal on the power line and send it to end device. Formerly, PLC was mostly used by electric power departments for electric dispatch and management via high-voltage transmission network. But in recent 10 years, the technology to constitute data transmission network by low-voltage power line has been making a great progress. Power supply network extends in all directions and low-voltage electric line can be found in billions of families. So making data communication by power line neednt impropriate wireless channel resources and pave definite-purpose communication line, which can take full advantage of electric facilities and bring power resources into full play. All these indicate a wide foreground for the study of low-voltage power line communication technology. In our country, the main and successful applications of low-voltage power line carrier are in remote meter reading field. But beyond the sea, electric line as a house bus has been used for house intelligentizing and access of network service in recent these years. Therefore, to study of low-voltage PLC technology in our country also make a sense of vital concernment. With the rapid development of computer technology and network technology, the internet has been widely used, so as to realize high speed information transmission and resource sharing. At the same time embedded system is widely used in electronic products, smart instruments and control equipment. It is an inexorable trend that the 上海交通大学硕士论文 - VIII - embedded technology and the internet will combine together. Internet-based remote supervisory system is the combination of information network and control network. It completes the monitoring and control tasks based on network, by which the monitoring and control range can be greatly extended, and moreover the control technology will be more networkized, more distributed and more open. On the basis of research of power line carrier technology, remote supervisory technology and embedded web related technology, this paper presents a design solution of an embedded web-based remote supervisory system for PLC communicate network, which includes the following four parts: power line carrier communicating module design, Web server and CGI program design, embedded system data collecting and processing program design and embedded data base administration system design. This system builds communication and interactive between embedded system and PLC network so as to realize effective monitoring and control of nodes on PLC network, which breaks through deficiency that PLC network can only work within the range of one transformer before. The remote supervisory system is of practicality and creativity and has a widespread usage in automation building, remote meter reading, alarming net and other fields. Key words: Power Line Carrier, Embedded System, Remote Monitoring and Control, Embedded Linux, Web Server, Process Communication, Embedded Database 上海交通大学硕士论文 - III - 上海交通大学上海交通大学 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的作品成果。 对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名：杨琨 日期：2006 年 2 月 20 日 上海交通大学硕士论文 - IV - 上海交通大学上海交通大学 学位论文版权使用授权书学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。 本人授权上海交通大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容