Statistical Review of World Energy June 2014Introduction1 Group chief executives introduction 2 2013 in reviewOil6 Reserves 8 Production and consumption 15 Prices 16 Refining 18 Trade movementsNatural gas20 Reserves 22 Production and consumption 27 Prices 28 Trade movementsCoal30 Reserves and prices 32 Production and consumptionNuclear energy35 ConsumptionHydroelectricity36 ConsumptionRenewable energy38 Other renewables consumption 39 Biofuels productionPrimary energy40 Consumption 41 Consumption by fuelAppendices44 Approximate conversion factors 44 Definitions 45 More information22013 in reviewConsumption and production increased for all fuels, reaching record levels for every fuel type except nuclear power. For each of the fossil fuels, global consumption rose more rapidly than production. The data suggests that growth in global CO2 emissions from energy use also accelerated in 2013, although it remained below average. Emerging economies dominated global growth again, but the increase was below the ten-year average in these countries, and above average in the OECD. China once again had the largest growth increment, followed by the US. Consumption in the EU and Japan fell to the lowest levels since 1995 and 1993 respectively. Energy price developments in 2013 were mixed, generally rising in North America (except for coal) and falling elsewhere. The annual average price for Brent, the international crude oil benchmark, declined for the first time since 2009 but remained near record levels (in money-of-the-day as well as inflation-adjusted terms). This was the third consecutive year with the Brent average price above $100 per barrel. Crude oil prices weakened in early 2013 amid strong growth of oil production in the US, but rebounded later in the year due to a range of supply disruptions and cold weather that boosted demand growth. The differential between Brent and the US benchmark West Texas Intermediate (WTI) narrowed but remained elevated. Natural gas prices rose in North America (for the first time since 2010) and the UK, but fell elsewhere. As with Brent WTI, differentials between North American and international gas prices generally narrowed but remained elevated. Coal prices declined in all regions for a second consecutive year. Energy developments Global primary energy consumption increased by 2.3% in 2013, an acceleration over 2012 (+1.8%). Growth in 2013 accelerated for oil, coal, and nuclear power. But global growth remained below the 10-year average of 2.5%. All fuels except oil, nuclear power and renewables in power generation grew at below-average rates. Growth was below average for all regions except North America. Oil remains the worlds leading fuel, with 32.9% of global energy consumption, but it also continued to lose market share for the fourteenth consecutive year and its current market share is once again the lowest in our data set, which begins in 1965. Emerging economies accounted for 80% of the global increase in energy consumption even though growth in these countries was a below average 3.1%. OECD consumption rose by an above-average 1.2%. Robust US growth (+2.9%) accounted for all of the net increase in the OECD and consumption in the EU and Japan fell by 0.3% and 0.6%, respectively. Spain (-5%) recorded the largest volumetric decline in energy consumption.Global primary energy consumption accelerated in 2013 despite stagnant global economic growth.+2.3%Growth in global primary energy consumption.Chinas Hong Kong skyline. China was the worlds largest producer and consumer of energy overall in 2013.The Octavio Frias de Oliveira Bridge in Brazil 24% of the worlds biofuels were produced in the country in 2013, making it the second largest producer.3+1.1m b/dGrowth of US oil production, the largest in the world. 7m b/dChinas net oil imports, the worlds largest.The Trans-Alaska Pipeline is more than 800 miles long and transports oil between Prudhoe Bay and Valdez in the US.OilPrices Dated Brent averaged $108.66 per barrel in 2013, a decline of $3.01 per barrel from the 2012 level. WTI continued to trade at a large discount to Brent ($10.67 per barrel), driven by growing US production. Since 2011, the WTI discount has averaged $14.81 per barrel, compared with an average premium of $1.39 per barrel for the preceding decade. Consumption and production Global oil consumption grew by 1.4 million barrels per day (b/d), or 1.4% this is just above the historical average. Countries outside the OECD now account for the majority (51%) of global oil consumption and they once again accounted for all of the net growth in global consumption. OECD consumption declined by 0.4%, the seventh decrease in the past eight years. The US (+400,000 b/d) recorded the largest increment to global oil consumption in 2013, outpacing Chinese growth (+390,000 b/d) for the first time since 1999. Li