WORLD STEEL IN FIGURES 2011TABLE OF CONTENTSWelcome to the 2011 edition of World Steel in Figures. 2010 was the year of recovery for the steel industry, coming back from the global economic crisis. The upturn came earlier and stronger than expected. The centre of gravity for the steel industry has shifted from the developed economies towards the developing and emerging economies. Overall, the developing and emerging world will account for 72% of the global steel demand in 2011.Once again, our top priority has been safety. For the fourth year running worldsteel will recognise good safety practices through the Safety Excellence Recognition programme. Four companies will receive recognitions at the Board meeting and annual conference which take place in Paris in October.The quality of the submissions for the Safety Excellence Recognition programme serves to remind us all of the importance that steelmakers attach to the health and well-being of contractors and employees. We will continue to highlight the worldsteel safety principles (see page 4) and to encourage and support steel companies in applying these principles.Our sustainability, climate change and life cycle assessment work have also grown from strength to strength over the last year. Data collection, analysis and reporting continue to provide a sound basis for understanding the progress of the steel industry as it tackles the challenges of sustainable development.Earlier this year, worldsteel published the first ever report on water management in the steel industry. The report is the result of a survey that covered integrated steelworks and electric arc furnace steelworks. The publication is available in the bookshop of worldsteel.org.As most of the membership will be aware, I step down from the position of Director General of worldsteel this year. The Board of Directors has appointed Dr Edwin Basson as my successor. I am confident that worldsteel will be in safe hands and will continue to grow in value and relevance for its members all around the world.FOREWORDIan Christmas Director GeneralThe sustainability indicators, 2007 to 2009 .6World crude steel production, 1950 to 2010 .7worldsteel member companies over 3 mmt, 2010 .8Major steel-producing countries, 2009 and 2010 .9Crude steel production by process, 2010 .10Continuously-cast steel output, 2008 to 2010 .11Monthly crude steel production, 2007 to 2010 .12The 65 reporting countries, 2007 to 2010 .12Steel production and use: geographical distribution, 2000 .14Steel production and use: geographical distribution, 2010 .15Apparent steel use, 2004 to 2010 .16Apparent steel use per capita, 2004 to 2010 .17Pig iron, 2009 and 2010 .18Direct reduced iron production, 2003 to 2010 .19Iron ore, 2009 .20World iron ore trade by area, 2009 .21World trade in steel products, 1975 to 2010 .22World steel exports, analysis by product 2005 to 2009 .23World steel trade by area, 2009 .24Major importers and exporters of steel, 2009 .25Trade in ferrous scrap, 2009 and 2010 .2623Steel is essential for a low-carbon world in transport, construction, housing and power generation. Demand for steel will significantly increase in the period up to 2050, to support ongoing global development.The steel industry is committed to making a positive contribution to the climate change issue. We provide intelligent steel products that help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit our impact on the environment.worldsteel has established four building blocks for its climate change policy. Each involves actions by the world steel industry and also has policy implications for governments : actions to reduce CO2/tonne of steel produced transfer of best practice and technology support for breakthrough technology programmes development of steel products that save energy in transport, power generation, buildings, machinery and appliances.The Climate Action programmeworldsteel has an ambitious programme for every steel company in the world to measure its CO2 emissions/tonne of steel produced on a common basis. Every steel company needs to measure its impact on the environment so that it can manage improvements. We have put in place a common methodology, definitions and agreed boundaries which have become internationally recognised.Life cycle assessment (LCA)w