CanadaCanada英语国家概况英语国家概况Chapter 14 Chapter 14Geography and History Geography and HistoryCanada英语国家概况英语国家概况Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressGeographyIHistoryIICONTENTForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressGeographyI1.2 Geographic Regions and Climate1.1 Location and Size 1.3 Major CitiesForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.1 Location and Sizev1. Which of the following descriptions is correct about Canada?pthe second largest country in the world plocated in the North American continent pAtlantic in the east, Pacific in the west, Arctic Ocean to the north pshare land borders with the United States to the south and northwest pCanada has the longest coastline in the world. Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.2 Geographic Regions and Climatev 2. How many geographic regions can Canada be divided into? The Atlantic Region The Central Region The Prairie Region The Pacific Region The Northern Regionv 3. Canadas vast territory and unique topography result in a climate with wide regional variations. Can you figure out what the weather is like in the above regions?a continental climatea moderate climatecold winter, hot summer, sparse precipitationtemperature below zero for seven monthsForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.3 Major CitiesOttawav the capital of Canada v the countrys fourth largest city v located in the Ottawa Valley v lies on the banks of the Ottawa River v a humid continental climate v the seventh coldest capital in the world by annual average temperature, but ranks the third by mean of January temperature v nickname: Bytown(Left) A house is barely visible from beneath the heavy Ottawa snowfall. Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.3 Major CitiesTorontov located on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario v the largest city in Canada v the provincial capital of Ontario v Canadas financial capital v the fifth most populous municipality in North America v ranked 14th in the world with over 4 million tourist arrivals a year v a humid continental climate v one of the safest major cities in North America with a low crime rateForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.3 Major CitiesToronto (cont.)the tallest tower in the western hemisphere, the worlds second tallest freestanding structureForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.3 Major CitiesMontrealv the second largest city in Canada v the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec v used to be the largest city in Canada and the industrial and financial centre of Canada v The official language of Montreal is French. v the largest French-speaking city in North America, and second in the world after Paris v humid continental climate Montreals Underground City the largest underground complex in the world Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.3 Major CitiesVancouverv a coastal city and major seaport in southwestern British Columbia v the third largest in the country v ranked one of the three most livable cities in the world v ethnically diverse, with 52% of city residents and 43% of metro residents having a first language other than English v temperate climate v the second largest Chinatown in North America after San FranciscoChinese New Year Paradeto the use and enjoyment of people of all colors, creeds and customs for all timeForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressHistoryII2.6 Exercise 2.2 European Settlement2.1 Discovery and Exploration 2.3 British Canada 2.4 Canadian Nation 2.5 Canada Since the 1980sForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press2.1 Discovery and Explorationv In 1497, John Cabot, an Italian sea captain, sailed west from Britain, searching for a new route to Asia. This voyage led to the discovery of Canada.v The French exploration of Canada began in 1535, when Jacques Cartier attempted to find newroutes to the Orient.v Trading with the local Indians began.Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressFur tradeForeign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press2.2 European Settlementv In the early 1600s, both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada.v During the 1750s, the famous Seven Years War between France and Britain starte