2018 届江苏高考英语总复习专题（三）阅读理解解题方法训练1真题演练真题演练(三三) 2015江苏江苏AVisitor CodeArrive with nothing that can harm New ZealandIf you are arriving from overseas，bring no food，animal or plant material into the country.If in doubt declare it to Customs.Protect plants and animalsNever allow dogs or other pets to run freely in areas of nesting birds，other wildlife，or where signposted.Get rid of rubbishAlways get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle waste(e.g.，glass，paper) where possible.Be considerate with other wasteIf using a portable toilet always throw away your toilet waste at a proper waste station.In the back country，bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterways.Keep New Zealands water cleanBecause soaps and other wastes can harm waterways，be careful your washing water doesnt pollute the sea，lakes and rivers.Take care with fireAlways observe district fire bans.Be careful if you smoke or have an outdoor fire or barbecuemake sure ashes are cold before leaving.Camp or picnic carefullyWhen camping or picnicking，use facilities provided.Keep to the trackKeep to the track，where one exists，so you lessen the chance of damaging fragile plants.Be considerateWhen driving，minimize noise and observe no smoking signs.2018 届江苏高考英语总复习专题（三）阅读理解解题方法训练2语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文游客行为规范。文章主要列举了去新西兰旅游应该注意的事项。56According to the Code，visitors should act .Awith care and respectBwith relief and pleasureCwith caution and calmnessDwith attention and observation答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知，游客去新西兰时，要当心，不要带入有可能对新西兰产生破坏的物品，也要尊重自然、保护环境，文中的各个小标题均是对该内容的体现，因此选 A。57What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand?ATake your own camping facilities.BBury glass far away from rivers.CFollow the track for the sake of plants.DObserve signs to approach nesting birds.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据文中 Keep to the track 部分中的内容可知，游客要沿着路径行走，减少破坏脆弱植物的几率，因此选 C。BIn the United States alone，over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year.Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in 2018 届江苏高考英语总复习专题（三）阅读理解解题方法训练3comparison to total waste，the concentration(含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up to 100 times more，than the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cell-phone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The US.Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that “the production，distribution，and use of productsas well as management of the resulting wasteall result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the startfor instance，buying reusable products and recycling.In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机) for reducing waste.If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products，would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫) that encased your television?From the governments point of view，a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关的解决措施。58By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us that .Athe weight of e-goods is rather smallBe-waste deserves to be made good use ofCnatural minerals contain more precious metals2018 届江苏高考英语总复习专题（三）阅读理解解题方法训练4Dthe percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste答案 B解析 推理判断题。该研究表明电子垃圾中的贵重金属含量很高，再根据全文作者的写作目的可知，作者意在说明电子垃圾值得被充分利用。因此选 B。59The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended .Afrom producers to governmentsBfrom governments to producersCfrom individuals to distributorsDfrom distributors to governments答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，对电子垃圾的管理应该回到生产者那里，即以前是政府和纳税人对电子垃圾负责，现在应该扩展到生产商那里。因此选 B。60What does the passage mainly talk about