正反解读动词的时态和语态 正反解读动词的正反解读动词的 时态和语态时态和语态学学. .科科. .网网高考链接高考链接学.科.网12011安徽卷 What do you think of store shopping in the future? Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but_.Awill never replaceBwould never replaceCwill never be replacedDwould never be replaced解析 C 考查动词的时态和语态 。答句意思是：我认为商店购物将 与居家购物并存而不会被其取代。 表示“被取代”应用replace的被动语 态，同时是对将来的描述，用将来 时态，故答案为C。学.科.网高考链接 22011北京卷 Experiments of this kind_ in both the US. and Europe well before the Second World War. Ahave conducted Bhave been conducted Chad conductedDhad been conducted 解析 D 考查动词的时态和语态。由常识可知 ，谓语动词的动作发生在二战之前，很显然，这是 “过去的过去”，所以应该用过去完成时。conduct 和experiments是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。学.科.网高考链接 32011福建卷 Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they_ from China.AreceiveBare receiving Chave received Dhad received 解析 D 考查动词的时态。句意：上个月日 本政府对中国的救援表达了谢意。“接受帮助”发 生在“表达”之前，故用过去完成时。学.科.网高考链接 42011湖南卷 Joan，what _ in your hand? Look！Its a birthday gift for my grandma.Ahad you held Bare you holdingCdo you hold Dwill you hold 解析 B 考查动词的时态。根据答话人所 说的“Look！”可判断问话人是询问琼手里正拿 着什么，即表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，故 用现在进行时。高考链接52011江苏卷 I hear you _ in a pub. Whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.Aare working Bwill workCwere working Dwill be working 解析 A 考查动词的时态。根据答语用现 在时态可知hear后接的从句也用现在时态。 故选A项。高考链接时态时态构成常用时间时间 状语语一般现现在时时动词动词 原形(第三人称单单 数)always, usually, often, sometimes,every., twice a week 等一般过过去时时 动词过动词过 去式yesterday, the day before yesterday,the other day, last., .ago 等 一般将来时时 will (shall)动词动词 原形 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow,next., in.等be going to动词动词 原形be about to动词动词 原形be to动词动词 原形过过去将来时时 would动词动词 原形 多用于间间接引语语的宾语宾语 从句中 将来进进行时时will (shall)be现现在 分词词at eight (this time) tomorrow 等现现在进进行时时 am (is, are)现现在分词词时间时间 状语语 now, during these days, 或 look, listen 等引起注意的 词语词语 过过去进进行时时 was (were)现现在分词词 at eight (this time) yesterday 等 现现在完成时时 have (has)过过去分词词 already, just, yet, since., for.等 过过去完成时时 had过过去分词词 by., before.等 现现在完成进进 行时时have (has)been现现在 分词词for., since.等二、常用的10种动词时态的构成及其常用时间状语一览表考点归纳 考点归纳动词时态 考点一 一般现在时(动词用原形或单数 第三人称后加s/es等)规则1：表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时 态限制)。如：The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. 规则2：表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动 词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作， 多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连 用。如： We always care for each other and help each other.考点归纳 规则3：表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的 关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, agree, believe, like, hate, want, think, belong to, seem等。如：Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School. 规则4：少数用于表示起止的动词如come, go, leave, arrive, fly, return, start, begin, open, close, end, stop等常用一般现在时代替 将来时。表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发 生的动作，只用一般现在时。如： The shop closes at 11：00 pm. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday.考点归纳 规则5：在时间、条件、方式及让步状语从 句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意 由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will 表“意愿”，但不表示时态。如： If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.规则7：一般现在时所对应的时间状语常见的有： often, always, usually, seldom, now, every day等。 考点二 现在进行时(am/is/are v.ing) 规则1：表示说话时正在发生着的 一个动作。如： It is raining now.考点归纳 规则2：表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作 。如：She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要当老师。 规则3：代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。 如： The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.长江滚滚向东流去。 The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。考点归纳 规则4： 与always, often, forever, constantly, continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩 ，但并非强调动作正在进行。如： He is always helping others. 他总是帮助其他人。 She is always forgetting something. 她老是忘记某些事情。 规则5：下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时： (1)表示心理状态、情感的动词：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need, etc. (2)表示存在的状态的动词及短语：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, belong to, depend on, etc.考点归纳 (3)表示瞬时性动作的动词：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete, etc. (4)表示感官的动词：see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look，etc.规则6：现在进行时所对应的时间状语常见的 有：now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days等。 考点三 现在完成时(has/have v.ed) 规则1：表示过去发生的动作对现在产 生的影响或结果，或说话时刚刚完成的 动作。如：I have finished the report.She has cleaned the room.考点归纳 规则2：表示从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状 态，往往和“for”， “since”表述的一段时间 状语连用。如：He has learned English for six years.They have worked here since they left college. 规则3：表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用 “have/has been to”；表示“到某地去了(还未 回来)”用“have/has gone to”。如：Where is Li Hua?He has gone to the readingroom.She knows a lot about Shanghai.She has been there.考点归纳 规则4：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或让 步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作。 如： When you have learned English, you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge. Well start at six if it has stopped raining by then. 【温馨提示】 这里的现在完成时强调从句 动作在主句动作之前完成， 如果两个动作同 时或几乎同时发生， 则不必用完成时。试比 较： Ill let you know as soon as I hear from her. She will call you when she gets home.考点归纳 规则5：短暂动词(即瞬间动词)及短语如：join, lose, buy, borrow, lend, leave, go, come, arrive, die, marry, finish, complete, begin, start, break out, take part in等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不 能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如