科技活动之一:小课题探究(科学小论文选题)Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一、什么是科学小论文是指青少年学生参加科技活动过程中，探索和研究身边的事物，取得一定的成果后，以文字的形式表示的科技作品。科学小论文不是科普文章，也不是科普作文！Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.“三性”原则 科学性：包括选题与成果的科学技术 意义；技术方案的合理性；发明与创 新过程的科学性。 先进性：包括新颖程度、先进程度、 技术水平与难易程度。 实用性: 指该项发明或创新技术可预 见的社会效益、经济效益或效果；便 于使用和投产。二、科学小论文应遵循的原则Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.科学小论文按学科分类，包括自 然科学和部分社会科学的学科内容。按学科分类有13个，分别是：数 学、物理学、化学、微生物学、环境 科学、生物化学、医药与健康学、工 程学、计算机科学、动物学、植物学 、地球与空间科学、社会科学。三、科学小论文分类Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.科学小论文按撰写方式分类包括：调查、考察、观察、实验探究、发现、 研究等类型。一般格式为：标题、所在学校、作者姓名、指导教师、论文摘要、关键词、前言（选题的由来）、方法、过程、结果、结果分析和讨论、参考文献等。 三、科学小论文分类Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.四、科技小论文选题切合实际选题题目太大，似乎很有雄心壮志，实际上 自己也不清楚怎么做和做什么；题目太 小，像是回答一道练习题，缺乏研究的 价值。好的选题，一般为：根据自己的 所学知识和兴趣爱好，结合本地的工农 业生产和生活实际，发现问题，找出力 所能及的选题。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 问题来自好奇。 如： 蜂巢为什么是六角形的？荷叶上的水为什 么会凝聚成水珠？水黾为什么可以在水上行 走等。怎样提出问题？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 问题来自遇到异常现象与困惑。 如：为什么在我们周围看不到萤火虫了?河 水中为什么水藻密布？ 问题来自日常生活。如：面包为什么发 霉？大蒜真的可以杀菌吗?柚子皮真的可 以除臭吗?等等。 问题来自社会热点。如：三聚氰胺对动 物的危害究竟有哪些?。 问题来自于书本知识。如:洋葱根尖细胞 为什么会发生微核变异 ? Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.五、科技小论文案例分析 一Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.案例2:黄粉虫可食用塑料袋的研究Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.案例3：核桃仁增强记忆力的实验观察 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.案例四：无糖食品调查研究糖尿病患者应谨慎食用无糖食品Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 审视所选问题的科学性 审视所选问题的创新性 审视所选问题的可行性 完善对问题的表述明确研究的重点和方向、简洁明了地确定研究活 动的关键内容。怎样将问题转化为课题？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.做什么? 我（们）研究什么题目？为什么选择 这个题目？（意义和价值） 怎样做? 工作步骤和阶段，每个阶段的目标任务 与时间安排，组内同学的具体分工，从哪里、怎 样（技术手段）获取相关信息，可能遇到困难和 解决方案、需要的帮助等 成果形式 论文形式：调查报告、实验报告等 。写好研究方案Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.人人是创造之人时时是创造之时陶行知Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.