同位语、同位语从句的翻译方法同位语从句是由连词that引导的，用来 说明它前面的某个词连词that在从句中，既没有词义， 又不充当任何句子成份，只起连接作用。同位语从句常常用来补充说明fact, idea, news, hope, thought, doubt, theory, conclusion, question, problem, probability, certainty, evidence等词的具体含义。一、译成独立句把同位语从句译成一个独立的句子 ，并在其前加：即、冒号、破折号等该方法适合于较长的同位语从句In 1905 Einstein worked out a theory that matter and energy were not completely different things.1905年，爱因斯坦提出了一项理论 ：物质和能并不是完全不同的东西 。二、译成独立句The fact that plastics do not rust at all is shown in this example这个例子说明了塑料完全不生锈的 事实。三、转换译法被同位语所说明的本位语，若是包 含着有动作意义的词，如：discovery, suggestion, hope, assurance, knowledge一般可把这类词转译为动词，而将 同位语从句译为汉语的主谓词组， 作该动词的宾语。He expressed the hope that he could do the experiment again.他希望他能重做那项试验。Such observations as these lead to the discovery that there can be rapid corrosion when a metal is nonhomogeneous and when it is in contact with water in which some gaseous, liquid or solid substance is dissolved.像这样的一些观察使人们发现，当金属 是非均质金属时，而且当金属与含有某 种气体、液体或固体物质的水接触时， 金属可能很快生锈。单词或词组作同位语的翻译方法一、照译通常用破折号、逗号、冒号或 or, namely, such as等方式引出There are two main types of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.植物主要有两种类型：显花植物和 隐花植物。二、倒译翻译说明身份、城市特征的同位语Have you ever been to Shanghai, the biggest city in China?你到过中国最大的城市上海吗？三、省译如果同位语是本位语的别名，在汉 语中，两者的译名又是相同时 Increased rate of reaction, in the presence of a catalyst, is called catalysis, or catalytic action.在有催化剂时，反应速度的加快 叫做催化作用In processing, or refining, petroleum, the several fractions are separated from each other.在提炼石油的过程中，各种馏分 彼此分开。