Ibrahim Dincer Arif Hepbas i l Adnan Midilli T. Hikmet Karakoc EditorsGlobal Warming: Engineering Solutions123Editors Ibrahim Dincer University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT) Fac. Engineering environmentally benign technologies; global energy sustainability; economic competitiveness of industries and nations; energy technology dimensions; health and welfare of people; energy security nationally and internationally; rights and privileges of a few and many; allowable energy and greenhouse gas emissions; managing emissions and wastes; radical shift in use of energy resources; implementation of right energy strategies and policies; and many other ramifications This chapter aims to bring a new dimension to energy policies and provides a kind of prescription for better policies and strategies to current energetic and envi- ronmental issues. 1.2 The Plan etary Pati en t Uncontrolled human activities since the industrial revolution have brought the planet up to a level that the amount of emissions and the magnitude of global envi- ronmental impact are indigestible. So, we have finally figured out that the planet has the symptoms of inadvertently catching a disease. This is a kind of disease with both high fever, referring to the increasing Earths surface temperature (i.e., global warming) and diarrhea, referring to the wastes disposed into the planet. The question we can pose here is “Is it global warming and global warning?” If of theof social and environmental importance. Many countries (e.g., Canada, the USA, Japan, the European Union) have taken initiatives to develop energyenvironment technologies, particularly for the inte- gration of the existing energy and environment-related projects. This move is based on the understanding that energy and environmental problems represent two sides of the same coin, and technological breakthroughs are expected to provide means to overcome limits imposed by such problems and provide sustainable growth. The integration of the existing projects will make possible the incorpora- tion of environmental viewpoint in the development of energy technologies and vice versa.3 one looks at what is happening around us, it confirms that it has gone beyond warning! The symptoms have of course slowly become more apparent as a slight rise in the global atmospheric temperature. There is no agreement on the cause or the consequence. Some ascribe this rise as due to an addiction to uncontrolled energy use, and moreover carbon-based energy and the emissions of infrared absorbing gases. The so-called “climate change,” we are literally burning up a fever with a giant bonfire, a respirable disease of carbon-based fuels that we are literally stead- ily breathing out as an added atmospheric pollution, CO2 and CH4 burden. By having a measurable effect by altering global surface temperatures, it perhaps in- fluences many to otherwise previously normal or accepted behaviors or lifestyles. Of course, like with any disease, the diagnosis depends highly on the experience of the physician, the exactness on the presence of recognizable symptoms, and the precise recommended medicine, surgery, or cure on who and which specialist one is consulting. But we need to beware of the false claims, wrong diagnoses, ineffec- tive treatments, and “snake oil” that are being peddled as easier or cheaper alterna- tives to really effective cures. We now look at the actual clinical data available to date and show that this simple medical analogy helps us to understand and explain the large difference between the claims and the real cures for what may ail the planet. The planets symptoms, given the uncertainty or lack of conclusive evidence, raise a fundamental question and a huge issue: given the patients apparent ills: should we be running a climate change experiment on the planet? Our answer to that question must also consider rejecting experimental therapies and unproven treatment regimes, dismissing plainly fake remedies, and deciding whether to seek lifestyle changes over emergency triage. 1.3 The Do cto r So we now have our planet as a severely infected patient and need to find the right doctor, a procedure which is not really an easy task. There are so many doctors, consultants, and specialists around in every discipline ranging from engineering to science, from sociology to economy, from geology to psychology, and all claim to be the best doctors. This is something creating a kind of dilemma on even whom to see and consult. So, this is not something we can check with friends or relatives to find out who is the best in the neighborhood. The smart idea here is to find a group of doctors comprising the engineers, scientists, economists, sociologists, policy and strategy makers and try to bring their professional opinions together. Since economic wealth and personal health are both tied to energy and elec- tricity use,