第一节 杂交育种与诱变育种 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.古人驯化野生动物家禽、家畜植 物 驯 化自然变异人工选择原理缺点2 可选择的范围有限1 育种周期太长Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.改良动植物品种，最古老的育 种方法是选择育种：从每一代 的变异中选出最好的类型进行 繁殖、培育。但是选择育种周 期长，可选择的范围也有限。在生产实践中，人类摸索出杂 交育种的方法。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.什么是杂交育种？杂交育种是将两个或多个品种的 优良性状通过交配集中在一起，再经 过选择和培育，获得新品种的方法。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.小麦高秆（小麦高秆（D D）对矮秆（）对矮秆（d d）为显性，抗锈病（）为显性，抗锈病（T T）对）对不抗锈病（不抗锈病（t t）为显性，现有纯合的高秆抗锈病的小麦（）为显性，现有纯合的高秆抗锈病的小麦（DDTTDDTT）和矮秆不抗锈病的小麦（）和矮秆不抗锈病的小麦（ddttddtt），如果你是育种工），如果你是育种工作者，怎样才能得到矮秆抗病的优良品种（作者，怎样才能得到矮秆抗病的优良品种（ddTTddTT）？）？例如：Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.以下是杂交的育种参考方案以下是杂交的育种参考方案： 高抗高抗 矮不抗矮不抗 高抗高抗DDTTddttDdTtddTt高抗 高不抗 矮抗 矮不抗ddTT杂交自交选优自交F3选优思考：要培育出 一个能稳定遗传 的植物品种一般 需要几代？连续自交，直至不出 现性状分离为止。5-6代Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.试一试：动物的杂交育种方法假设现有长毛立耳猫（ 假设现有长毛立耳猫（BBEEBBEE） 和短毛折耳猫（和短毛折耳猫（bbeebbee），你能否培育），你能否培育 出能稳定遗传的长毛折耳猫（出能稳定遗传的长毛折耳猫（BBeeBBee） ？写出育种方案（图解）？写出育种方案（图解）长毛折耳猫短毛折耳猫长毛立耳猫Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.长毛立耳 短毛折耳 BBEEbbee长毛立耳 BbEe长毛立耳BbEe长立 长折 短立 短折 Bbee BBeeBBeeBbeebbeebbee长折 短折长折 长折 短折杂交F1间 交配选优测交 F3长折 短折思考：要培育出一个能 稳定遗传的动物品种一 般需要几代？3代Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1 1、动物杂交育种中纯合子的获得不能通过逐代、动物杂交育种中纯合子的获得不能通过逐代自交，而应改为测交。自交，而应改为测交。2 2、比植物杂交育种所需年限短。、比植物杂交育种所需年限短。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Create