非谓语动词考点归纳非谓语动词考点归纳 非谓语动词使用条件非谓语动词使用条件一个句子一个句子当中，当中，已经存在一个已经存在一个主句主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）, , 又没有连词又没有连词的情况下的情况下, , 还有别的动词出现时。还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus, She got off the bus, leavingleaving her handbag on her her handbag on her seat.seat.She got off the bus, She got off the bus, butbut leftleft her handbag on her her handbag on her seat.seat.非谓语动词的句法功能非谓语动词的句法功能名称名称语语语语 法法 功功 能能 主主语语语语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语补宾语补宾语补宾语补 足足语语语语表表语语语语定定语语语语状状语语语语不定不定 式式动动动动名名 词词词词现现现现在在 分分词词词词过过过过去去 分分词词词词可充当成分可充当成分: :主语主语 , , 宾语宾语, , 宾语补足语宾语补足语, , 表语表语, , 定语定语, , 状语状语. .一、不定式一、不定式1.1.不定式作主语不定式作主语To lose your heartTo lose your heart means failure. means failure.It took me only five minutes It took me only five minutes to finish the jobto finish the job. .To do two thingsTo do two things at a time is to do neither at a time is to do neither2.2.不定式作宾语不定式作宾语You neednt bother You neednt bother to cometo come yourself. yourself. They are considering They are considering what to dowhat to do next. next. Some who were famous in their own times Some who were famous in their own times would find would find it it difficult difficult to achieve successto achieve success today.today. affordafford、promisepromise、refuserefuse、expectexpect、hopehope、 learnlearn、offeroffer、wishwish、wantwant、failfail、planplan、 agreeagree、forgetforget、likelike、preferprefer、decidedecide、 managemanage、trytry、arrangearrange、determinedetermine、desiredesire1. 1.I dont want _ like I m speaking ill of I dont want _ like I m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager s plan is unfair. anybody, but the manager s plan is unfair. A.A.to soundto sound B. to be sounded B. to be sounded C. sounding C. sounding D. to have sounded D. to have sounded 2. I think youll grow _ him when you 2. I think youll grow _ him when you know him better.know him better. A AlikinglikingB Bto be liketo be like A.A.C Cto liketo likeD Dto be to be liking liking 3. I dont know whether you happen3. I dont know whether you happen , but , but Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September . Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September . A Ato be heard to be heard B Bto be hearing to be hearing C Cto hear to hear D Dto have heardto have heard 3.3.不定式作表语不定式作表语l lWhat she wants to do most now is What she wants to do most now is ( (to) travel to) travel abroadabroad. . l lThe most important thing isThe most important thing is to take measures to take measures to prevent the pollutionto prevent the pollution. . 主语的内容或性质主语的内容或性质 Cf.Cf.He is He is to marry Roseto marry Rose. .表按计划要做的事情表按计划要做的事情. .4.4.不定式作定语不定式作定语l lI need a pen I need a pen to write withto write with. .l lCharles Lindbergh is the first man Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly to fly the Atlantic alonethe Atlantic alone. .l lThe meeting The meeting to be heldto be held tomorrow is very tomorrow is very important.important.I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a year. year. A.A.follows follows B. followed B. followed B.B.C. to followC. to follow D. being followed D. being followed 5.5.不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语We often hear We often hear herher sing the song at homesing the song at home. . My teacher asked My teacher asked meme to go there on timeto go there on time. . SheShe was considered was considered to have stolen the to have stolen the moneymoney. .seesee、watchwatch、noticenotice、hearhear、listen tolisten to、 observeobserve、feelfeel、tastetaste、smellsmell、makemake、letlet、 havehaveMy advisor encouraged_ a summer course My advisor encouraged_ a summer course to improve my writing skills.to improve my writing skills.A. for me taking A. for me taking B. me taking B. me taking C. for me to take C. for me to take D. me to takeD. me to take6. 6. 不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语Tim sat near the fire Tim sat near the fire to get warmto get warm. . The athletes The athletes practisedpractised hard hard to win the match.to win the match.相当于用相当于用in order (not) toin order (not) to，so as (not) toso as (not) to引导的引导的 目的状语目的状语. .1. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the 1. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hearA. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard C. making herself heard D. to make herself heardD. to make herself heard 2 2All these gifts must be mailed immediately All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas. _ in time for Christmas. A Ain order to have receivedin order to have receivedB Bin order to receivein order to receive C Cso as to be receivedso as to be received D Dso as to be receivingso as to be receiving3. _ more about