Proverb AppreciationLet sleeping dogs lie. 别弄醒睡着的狗。（别惹是生非。） A penny saved is a penny earned (or gained). 省钱就是赚钱。 It is good fishing in troubled waters. 混水之中好摸鱼。 Barking dogs seldom bite. 爱叫的狗很少咬人. A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开.分 词（participle）现在分词和过去分词分 词 的 句 法 功 能(1) Let sleeping dogs lie. A watched pot never boils. We have read many novels written by this author. Do you know the man speaking at the meeting?前置定语定语后置1)用作前置定语（作定语的分词为单个单词）the risen sun 升起了的太阳 the rising sun 正在升起的太 阳boiled water 开水 boiling water 正沸腾的水fallen leaves 落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子changed condition 改变了的情况changing condition 变化着的情况developed countries 发达国家developing countries 发展中国家过去分词形式作定语表示动作已完成，而现在分词形式 作定语表示动作正在进行。1、作定语时1、作定语时2) 定语后置 The meeting held last weekheld last week is very important. Tell the children playing thereplaying there not to make so much noise. They lived in a room facingfacing (= that faced) the souththe south. I hate to see letters written in pencilwritten in pencil.点津：分词作定语时，被分词所修饰的名词就是该分 词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关 系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作 同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一 般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。1.There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，句子后半部分是一个作定语、 修饰 noise 的分词短语；再根据句意“一阵闪电之后，接着就是一声 巨响。”可知，巨响应是主动，紧接在闪电之后的。因此，该题应 选B。 2.The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games 的后置分词短语；再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说只能是被动承受，且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此 ，该题应选C。 3.Whats the language _ in Germany?A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak简析：该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定 语从句 which is spoken句 法 功 能 (2) 1.She was very disappointed at the result of the exam. 2.The news that he failed in the exam is disappointing. 3. The story is interesting. 4. I am interested in the story.2、作表语时比较： amazing 使人惊奇的 amazed 惊讶的 encouraging 鼓舞人心的 encouraged 受鼓励的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 exciting 使人激动的 excited 激动的 satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 感到满意的 Worrying 令人烦恼的 worried 烦恼的tiring/boring 引起疲劳、厌倦的 tired /bored 厌倦的 pleasing 令人愉快的 pleased 高兴的 现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多 表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人的”，过 去分词表示“感到”.1.This news sounds _.A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage2. -How did Bob do in the exams this time? -Well, his father seems _ with his results.A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please3. -How did the audience receive the new play? -They got very _.A . excite B . excited C . excitedly D . excitingACB句 法 功 能(3)1. The next morning she found the man lying in bed, dead.2. -Good morning. Can I help you?-Id like to have the package weighed, madam.1 在感觉动词see, hear, feel, notice, watch, find等后作宾语补足语。 I heard my sister singing that song. I often hear this song sung in English. Did you see him beaten by his father? Did you see his father beating him.2. 在使役动词get, have, make, leave, keep等后 作宾语补足语。 The doctor will soon have you walking about again. I think youd better have yourself examined when you are free.3、作宾语补足语时分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词 的逻辑主语;现在分词与句子的宾语是主动关 系，它所表示的动作往往正在进行； 过去分词与句子的宾语是被动关系，它所表示 的动作往往已经完成。 1. I found them painting the windows. （现在分词表主动、进行） 2. I found the windows painted. （过去分词表被动、完成）1.I saw them _( play ) the computer this afternoon. 2.She was surprised to find the house _( break ) into when she went back home. 3. Unfortunately, he got his wallet _( steal ) on the bus. 4. Its a bad habit to leave the work _( undo ). 5. Yesterday I caught him _( take ) my dictionary when I went into the classroom.playingbrokenstolenundonetaking小结：现在分词与过去分词两者之间的区别主要体现在时态和语态上：（1）在时态上：现在分词表示正在进行 ，而过去分词表示已经完成。（2）在语态上：现在分词表示主动；而 过去分词表示被动。总之，现在现在分词表主动、进行主动、进行；过去过去分词表被动、完成被动、完成。 在句法功能上它们都可以作定语定语、表语表语、状状 语语和宾补宾补Homework 思考：1）分词作状语时，逻辑主语是 什么？ 2）作状语时，过去分词与现在分词的 区别是什么？ 3）现在分词和过去分词有形式的变化 吗？