修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语 从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后 。 被修饰的词叫先行词 引导从句的词叫关系词。 定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定 性定语从句 关系词分为关系代词： that,which,who,whom,whose,as 和关系副词：when, where, why关系词通常有三个作用：A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中充当一个成分 。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.如何使用关系词: 1.关系代词主语语宾语宾语 定语指代人指代物2. 关系副词 _,_, _who that aswhom that aswhosewhich that as whichthat aswhosewhenwhere why作状语Have a try指出下列关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份 ： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) 2.The girl (whom) I met was Lucy. ( )主 语动宾 3. I like the person to whom you just talked.( ) 4.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) 5. We shall never forget the days when we lived together. ( ) 介宾状语定语Combine each pair of sentences using that, which, who, whom, whose The boy is holding a dog .He has golden hair . The boy is Jim . The boy is holding a dog .The boy who has golden hair is holding a dog.The boy who is holding a dog is Jim .The man is Mr. Black . He is shouting for help .The man who is shouting for help is Mr. Black .The man is shouting for help . His house is on fire .The man whose house is on fire is shouting for help.The boy is holding a dog .His hair is golden .The boy whose hair is golden is holding a dog .that和which在指物的情况下一般可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 只用that不用 which： 1先行词被序数词/最高级修饰时 This is the first book that he has read . Hamburg is the most beautiful city that Ive ever seen. 2先行词被 the very, the only，the last修饰时 This is the very pen that she is looking for. 3先行词中既有人又有物 He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited . 4当先行词是不定代词all, one, any, few, little, much, something或被不定代词修饰时Is there anything that you dont understand ? All the books that you need are here .some thing any bodyno one下列情况下不能用that,只能用which 引导非限制性定语从句时Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用 whom）The person _I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize _he worked so hard was a new bicycle.to whom for which 定语从句中主谓一致问题 当关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，其 后的谓语动词在人称和数方面与先行词 保持一致。 1 The watches which _ repaired last week have not been sent back . 2 I, who _a Party member, should work hard for our country. weream注意 He is one of the top students who have got gold medals. He is the only one of the top students who has got gold medals. He is the one of the top students who has got gold medals.关系代词as的用法 当先行词被such、as、so、the same修饰时，关 系词用as 1、Such girls as you mentioned should be praised. 2、She is wearing the same coat as I wore yesterday.注意Its so nice a day _ we all want to have a walk along the river.Its so nice a day _ Ill never forget all my life. that asThis is so big a stone _ no man can lift. This is so big a stone _ no man can lift it.asthat as 与 which都能引导非限制性定语从句，区别是： as指代整个句子，一般放在句首，也可放在句中，常 译为“正如，就像”, 有时也可译为“这一点”; which 可指代整个句子，也可指代句子的某个部分，必须 放在句中，常译为“这/这一点”。As we all know, the earth is round.The earth is round，as we all know. as is known to all， as is mentioned above，As is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior schools is increasing. Mary was late for school, as often happened. The result of the experiment was very good, which we hadnt expected. He bought a new book, which we all liked very much.关系词的省略关系词在定语从句中做宾语时，可以省略。He is a well-educated person( that/whom) we all respected.但在非限制性定语从句中不可省,如：He bought a new book, which we all liked very much.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常 常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous. Well go to hear the famous singer (whom / that) we have often talked about.Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中的动词来选择 e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? He is the man _ whom I think you can depend . 2. 根据从句中的形容词来选择 e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about /of which Im not sure. 3、根据先行词判断 The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.onat1. Is this the library _ _ you borrow books?2. Can you lend me the book _ _ you talked last night? 3. Do you find the pen _ _ I wrote just now?from whichabout whichwith whichFill in the blanks with “prep. + which / whom” some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each , few 等词+of In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 注意这种情况：关系副词when, where, why也相当于介词 + which Ill never forget the