非谓语动词Non-restricted Verbs2008届高考语法复习之一邝晓芬非 谓 语不定式（to do)分词动名词(-ing)过去分词(-ed)现在分词(-ing)- ing 分词-ed 分词一、非谓语动词和谓语动词的识别顾名思义，非谓语动词就是在英语中不 能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。 近 年来高考命题常常通过改变熟悉的句型结构 或 利用一些“ 貌合神离” 的手段，加大考生 辨别 非谓语动词的难度。一句话通常不能有两个或两个以上的谓 语动词， 除非动词是并列谓语或者分别出现 在主从复合或并列句中；一句话也不可能无 谓 语动词（谓语省略的情况除外）。例 At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and_(sit) down to eat our picnic lunch. (2005上海）A. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. satsat解析：此题大家易受习惯心理影响选择分词，即或项，而and实际上作为并列连词并列的是found及sat两个动作，而非并列providing与sitting.例 Prices of daily goods _(buy) through a computer can be lower than store prices. 解析：此题学生最易错选的答案为或。依据上 面陈述，填入或句子都有两个谓语动词，而此 处两个动词并非并列谓语，也不是分别出现在主从 句中，故答案有误。该题正确答案为，bought through a computer为一过去分词短语作后置定 语，句中只有一个谓语can be lower than。当然 此题如改为Prices of daily goods which have been bought through也是正确的，因为这一动 作出现在从句中。A.are bought B. bought C. have been bought D. buyingbought1). If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better_(forget) it youve got some big bills coming.(2004广东）2). Daddy didnt mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _(have) fun. forgethavingA. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forgetA. had B. have C. to have D. having3) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ (think)that all children like these things. ( 06全国II)4). Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award, a title _ (give)to ordinarypeople for their contributions to environmental protection. (06山东)thinkinggiven A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given二、考查非谓语动词作主语能作主语的非谓语动词有不定式和动名词。二者的区别是：表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示 比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。动名词作主 语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it 作形式主语放在句首。1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here. 2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.3) Collecting information is very important to business men. 4) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.(抽象)(具体)2. 动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语， 但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。It is/was no use/good not any use/good of little use/good useless+doing sth.It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is of little good staying up too late every day.若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 1). Its necessary to be prepared for a jobinterview. _(have)the answers ready will be of great help. 2). In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important match. Having itA. To have B. Having had C. Have D. HavingA. this B. that C. there D. it 三、考查非谓语动词作宾语 不定式和动名词都可作动词或介词的宾语。1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want, wish, hope, manage, demand, promise, refuse, pretend, plan, offer, decide, agree,expect等。I dont want _(sound) like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair. to soundA. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, suggest, deny.1) I cant stand _(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses_(stop)talking while she works. working to stopA. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop3.有些动词如intend, start, continue后既可以 跟不定式又可以跟动名词作宾语，意义上无多 大区别。I intend to finish/ finishing the task this morning. 但love, like, hate, prefer后接动名词表示经 常性的行为；接不定式表示具体的行为。1). I like _ very much, but I dontlike _ this afternoon.A. swimming, swimming B. to swim, to swimC. swimming, to swim D. to swim, swimming C2). Little Jim should love _(take) to the theatre this eveningA. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. takingAto be taken但要注意: 如果like, love, prefer前有would/should, 后面则应该接动词不定式。Id like to go swimming this weekend.4. 既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语,但不定式用被动式的形式；动名词用主动式的形式。 句子的意思没有差别。但句子得主语一般是一表物的名词或代词。这类动词主要有：want、need、require等。 1) Your watch needs repairing to be repaired.2) The windows need painting again to be painted again.5. 1). If you think treating a woman well means always _ her permission for things, think again. A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting 2). When asked by the police, he said that heremembered _ at the party, but not_. A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leaveC. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有区别。如forget, remember, mean,regret, stop, try, go on, cant help等。DC6. 1). I have no choice but to accept the fact. 2). Isnt it time you got down to _ the papers?A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking 3). Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. A. his being not able B. him not to be ableC. his not being able D. him to be