定义(Definition)：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。结构：先行词关系词从句定语从句分为定语从句和定语从句限制性非限制性(1).限制性定语从句: 对先行词起限定作用,与先行词关 系十分密切,不用逗号隔开,也不能省略,否则句意就不完 整. The accident happened at the time when I left.2). 非限制性定语从句: 只是对先行词做补充说明, 没有限定作用,与先行词的关系也比较松散,如果省略, 原句意义仍然完整,常用逗号与主句隔开. His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago. 注：下列场合下只用非限制性定语从句： 1）在一定范围或前提下，所谈对象是唯一的； The 29th Olympic Games, which was held in Beijing, was certainly a great success. 2）谈话双方皆知道的所指对象 Mao is at the library, where we often borrow books.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：定 语语 从 句 的 引 导导 词词指人who( 主语,宾语 (口语) whom(宾语) that(主语,宾语 ,表语)whose(定语) as (主语,宾语 ,表语)指物which (主语,宾语 ) that (主语,宾语 ,表语)whose(定语) as (主 语,宾语 ,表语) 关 系 副 词词关 系 代 词词Where(地点状语)When( 时间 状语)Why(原因状语)a.God helps those(先行词) who help themselves（定语从句）.b. I like the girl（先行词） who speaks English very well.c. You must do everything(先行词)that I do . （定语从句） d. He has an elder brother先行词）, who is now serving in the army （定语从句） . e. The building (先行词is still in good condition, where we once lived （定语从句 ）.关系词的作用：A. 引导定语从句；B. 代替C.在从句里先行词担任成分 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.The girl that/who/whomCorrect the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whomwhose it who关系词的选择原则关系词的选择根据关系词在从句中所作的成 份决定。 若关系词在从句中作主语,宾语,定语或表语， 选用关系代词（who ,whom, that, which, whose）；若关系词在从句中作状语，用关系副词（ where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因 状语）。关系代词 who, whom, that的使用, 先行词指人时：1） 在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that， 不可省略；2）在定语从句中作宾语时， 用 whom / that，在限制性定语从句中可以省略；3) 在定语从句中作表语时，用 that，不可 省略关系代词which, that的使用, 先行词指物时： 1） 在定语从句中作主语时，用which/that ， 不可省略；2）在定语从句中作宾语时， 用 which / that,在限制性定语从句中可以省略；3)在定语从句中作表语时，用 that，不可省 略whose 引导的定语从句 表示所属关系The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.whoseWhose 的使用在定语从句中作定语时，用 whose，不可省略whose（所属关系，指人或物，作定语）=或 This is the book whose cover / (the cover of which/of which the cover) is broken. There are in this class 20 students, _ are different.lA.whose backgrounds lB. the backgrounds of whomlC.of whom the backgrounds lD.the backgrounds of whosethe+名词+ of which/whomof which/whom+the+名词She is the girl who/ that lives next door.Thats the girl (whom / who / that) I teach.This is the scientist whose achievements are well-known.This is the house whose window broke last night. = This is the house, the window of which broke last night. = This is the house, of which the window broke last night.练习： 用关系代词who,whom,that或whose填空 。28. Luxun, _ real name was Zhou Shuren, wrote many political novels and essays. 29. The man _ you met just now is my old friend.30. The man _ is walking on the playground is my old friend.31. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan.whosewho / whom/thatwho/ thatwhosewhen, where, why 与that, which 的区分 ）Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. ）Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. ）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. ）This is the museum _I visited last year .whenwhichthatwhichthatwhichthat先行词指时间，地点或原因时，定语从句 中缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语 从句。This is the reason _ ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.whywhich/that1).关系词所做的成分关键是由从句中的动词来决定 This is the place where we work. (vi) This is the place which we visited. (vt)2).当先行词为时间名词（如time, day, year, week, month, occasion） 用关系副词when,但关系副词 只能做状语，如果从句中缺主语或宾语则要视具体情 况用that或which。当先行词为地点名词（如： place ,room, city, country, situation, case, scene）时，用关系副词where, 但此时只能做地 点状语，如果定语从句缺主语或宾语则要视具体情况 用that或which。Conclusion:当先行词为way、time时，可用that 作关系副词。（非正式场合）I dont like the way that / in which / he talks.当time作先行词时，在特定的句式中 ，可用that作关系副词,关系词可以省 掉。This is the first time (that) I have given you a lesson in French.练习：用that, when, why, where, which 填 空。 1.I want to know the date _ you were born. 2. I have remembered the date _ I forgot just now. 3. Do you know the reason _ he is absent today? 4. That is the reason _I want to know. 5. This is the factory _ his father works. 6. This is the factory _ his father built. when that / whichwhythat / whichwherethat / which7.-Do you have anything to say for yourselves?-Yes, this is the only one point _we must insist on.A. which B. that C. where D. when 答案:B 8 .Some pre-school children go to a day care center,_ they learn simple games and songs.A. then B. there C. while D. where 答案:D 9 .Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. A. when B. whose C. which D. where 答案:D10 Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they