主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句主语从句l在复合句中充当主语的从句叫做表语从句l为了强调主语从句的内容，可以将从句置于句 首lThat you are leaving is a pity.lWhere he lives is not clear.大部分主语从句都可以用it做形式主语l1. It is +名词+that 从句lIts a pity that we cant go.lIt is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.l2. It is +形容词+that 从句lIt is certain that she will do well in her exam.lIt is probable that he told her everything用it做形式主语l3. It +动词+that 从句lIt seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.lIt happened that I was out that day.(= I happened to be out that day)4. It is+过去分词+that 从句lIt is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.lIt is said that 据说lIt is reported that据报道lIt is well-known that lIt is announced thatlIt is believed thatlIt is thought that lIt must be pointed out thatlIt must be admitted that用it做形式主语l5.其他情况lIt doesnt matter whether she will come or notlIt makes no difference where we shall have the meetinglIt suddenly occurred to her that she had forgotten to lock the door当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句时， 宜用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句置后lIs it possible that they may complete the task ahead of time?lDoes it matter that he wont be able to come tomorrow.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，宜用it 做 形式主语，而把主语从句后置lHow strange it is that the students are so quiet!lIt is strange that the students are so quiet.lWhat a shame it is that you cannot stay for dinner.lIt is a shame that you cannot stay for dinnerl连接代词what, whoever, whatever, whichever 等引导的主语从句不宜用it 做形式主语lIs what he told us really true?lWhichever of you want to come to our party will be welcome.使用虚拟语气的主语从句l在 it is suggested/ ordered/requested/insisted+that 从句中，谓语部分用should +动词原形，should 常被 省略lIt is suggested that we (should) do experiment a second time.l在 it is important/natural/necessary+that 从句中lIt is important that we (should) keep the balance of nature.l在 it is funny/strange/surprising/a pity/a shame/no wonder+ that 从句中，有时谓语 部分用should +动词原形来表达说话者的感情 色彩，此时should 也可省略lIt is a pity that you (should ) miss such a good chance.l真遗憾，你竟然失去这么好的机会表语从句l在复合句中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句， 它一般放在系动词之后lBe, look, seem, sound, appear等lChina is no longer what she used to be.lThe question remains whether they will be able to help us.lAt that time, it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.As, as if/though 引导的表语从句lHe looked just as he had looked ten years before.lIt sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.Because/why 引导的表语从句lThats because he didnt understand mel那是因为他不理解我.(强调原因)lThats why he got angry with mel那正是他对我生气的原因。（强调结果）lThe reason why he was late was_ he missed the train by one minute this morning.lA. that B. because C. the fact D.sincel需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要 用that引导而不是because。使用虚拟语气的表语从句l在表示“建议，劝告，命令”等含义的名词后的 表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形” ，should 可以省略。常见的名词有advice, suggestion, order, proposal等lMy suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.同位语从句l同位语从句用于表示名词的内容，对其加以解 释，通常用that 来引导。lHe suddenly had an idea that he might borrow some money from his father.lThe news that Liu Xiang had broken the world record made us excited. lThe doctor came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from cancer.同位语从句lWe are very excited at the news that our Chinese athletes won many gold medals. l能接同位语从句的名词有: fact, idea, news, conclusion, order, problem, truth, possibility 等exerciseslCombine the sentences using “the fact that”lAnn was late. That didnt surprise me.lRosa didnt come. That made me angry.lI am a little tired. I feel fine except for that.lMany people live in poverty. That must concern all of us.lLily didnt pass the entrance examination. She was not admitted to the university due to that . 同位语从句lThe question , whether we need it , has not yet been considered.l I have no idea when she will be back.l I have no idea which dictionary is hers.l同位语从句通常由that引导，但随着与其同位 的名词的不同，也可由whether, when, which, who, how, what, why等引出 同位语从句lWeve just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way. lThe question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for our research.l A new idea occurred to him that it could be done in a very simple way.l同位语从句有时不是紧跟在有关的名词后面，而是被 其他的词隔开了. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别l意义上：同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，后者对名 词进行修饰和限定l结构上： 前者连接词句子中不担任任何成分，后者由 关系词引导，关系词在从句中担任一定成分。lThe idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.(同位语从句，that 在句子中不担任成分）lThe idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong.(定语从句，that在从句中担任宾语）使用虚拟语气的同位语从句l在一些表示“建议，命令，要求”等意义的名词 后的同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should +动词 原形”should 可省略。lThis is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.