高中英语写作课教学的相关问 题探讨长沙学院外语系雷志敏2014年一. 学生写作的典型病例 名词的单复数问题 主谓一致问题 时态和语态问题 Chinglish 现象 行文的逻辑性问题 词类错用1.英语形合句几种实现形合的方式 2) 连接词 3) 介词介词是英语中被广泛使用最活跃的词类之 一，他们是连接字、词、短语和从句的重要 方式。在句中，介词必须接上名词、代词， 形成介词短语，在句中常作状语，表示方位 、时间、方式、对象、手段等。 1）主+谓+宾，主+谓 . 二英语语言的表达规律Examples；1）That is our policy and that is ourdeclaration. 3)The prospects are bright, while the road has twists and turns. 4) It is so cold that the river froze up.2）If winter comes, can spring be far behind . (Shelly)5) It must have rained, since the ground is wet.练习例1: Lu Hao graduated last summer. He joined the first Auto Works in Changchun soon after graduation. He received an engineering degree from his college.After: After graduating last summer with an engineering degree, Lu Hao soon joined the First Auto Works in Changchun. 介词结构+主 语+谓语Having graduated with an engineering degree, Lu Hao joined the First Auto Works in Changchun last summer.或：状语主语谓语An engineering degree-holder, Lu Hao joined the First Auto Works in Changchun last summer soon after graduation.或：同位语+主语+谓语+状语翻译下列句子：1）我只见到他的背影，认不出是谁。2) 眼光放远些，你就不会这样看了。If you take a wider view, you will see it differently.I couldnt make out who he was as I only saw his back.2.多用复合句1） As we lived near the road, we often had the traveler or stranger visit us to taste our gooseberry wine, for which we had great reputation, and I profess, with the veracity of a historian, that I never knew one of them to find fault with it. (O. Goldsmith)翻译 例如： 1) As we lived near the road, we often had the traveler or stranger visit us to taste our gooseberry wine, for which we had great reputation, and I profess, with the veracity of a historian, that I never knew one of them to find fault with it. 我们就住在路边 。过路人或外乡 人常到我们家， 尝尝我们家酿的 醋栗酒。这种酒 很有名气。我敢 说，尝过的人， 从没有挑剔过。 我这话象历史学 家的话一样靠得 住。 翻译3.抽象思维As you sow, you will reap. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。 to fit the appetite to the dishes 看菜吃饭guilty beyond forgiveness a narrow escape 九死一生 Who has never tasted bitter knows not what is sweet.十恶不赦 不尝黄连苦，怎知蜂蜜甜。We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。 4. 物称倾向1) A wave of cigar smoke accompanied Ogilvie in.(A. Hailey)3) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.(N. Grove)4) Anger choked his words.2) His name escapes me for the moment.5）Careful comparison of them will show you the differences.6) That day made his dream come true那天他终于梦想成真.7) Last Sunday saw him playing badminton.5. 被动语态1）The importance of informational technology is discussed in this paper.2) An illustration is furnished by an editorial in the Peoples Daily.3) The professors are paid for this.4) Then she shed tears, and this scene was recorded by the running video camera.5）他没有获得机会展示他的设计。He was denied a chance to show his design.6） From childhood, Steward Leonard remembered wanting to be sb., wanting to be noticed and appreciated.从孩提时代起，他就立志成为一个有作为的 人，成为引人注目，受人尊重的人。（斯蒂 伦纳德）6.英语语言主语的选择中国自七十年代末实行改革开放政策以来，服务行业平均 每年以10. 9% 的幅度增长。(2) Since the introduction of the reform and open-door policy in the late 1970s，China has enjoyed an average annual growth rate of 10. 9 % in its service sector.(1) Since the introduction of the reform and open-door policy in the late 1970s， China s service sector has grown at an average rate of 10. 9 per annum.(3) The reform and open-door policy， introduced in the late 1970s，has given China s service sector an average annual growth rate of 10. 9%.(5) An average annual growth rate of 10. 9% has been achieved in China s service sector since the introduction of the reform and open-door policy in the late 1970s.(4) The introduction of the reform and open- door policy in the late 1970s has given Chinas service sector an average annual growth rate of 10. 9%.7. 不同文化习俗的影响：1）Born with a silver spoon in ones mouth （英语）天生有福（汉语）梳好了头才出世的（德语） 穿着衬衣生下来的（俄语）2）早饭吃好，中饭吃饱，晚饭吃少。At breakfast, we eat like a king. At lunch, we eat like a prince. At supper, we eat like a pauper.Correct the mistakes1. People love peace they hate war.People love peace and hate war.2. This next chapter has a lot of difficult information in it, you should start studying right away.This next chapter has a lot of difficult information which you should start studying right away.3. I need to find a new roommate. Because the one I have now isnt working out too well. I need to find a new roommate because the one I have now isnt working out too well. 4. By paying too much attention to polls can make a political leader unwilling to propose innovative policies.Paying too much attention to polls can make a political leader unwilling to propose innovative policies. 5. I was late for the school bus again. Running for the bus, my book fell in the mud.I was late for the school bus again. Running for the bus, I dropped my book in the mud. 6. Upon entering the doctors office, a skeleton caught my attenti