Part I 回归基础 、非谓语动词的种类：不定式（to do）、 动名词（ doing）、现在分词（doing）、 过去分词（V-ed）、非谓语动词的功能：1.不定式相当于名词、形容词或副词的功能。2.动名词相当于名词或形容词的功能。3.现在分词相当于形容词或副词的功能。4.过去分词相当于形容词或副词的功能。、非谓语动词在句中所作的成分成 分动词 形式主 语宾 语表 语定 语状 语补 语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词1. Can I smoke here?Sorry. We dont allow _ here. A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking 2. (2007 辽宁卷)You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm. A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking常用能接动名词的动词：admit, appreciate, avoid, advise, cant help, celebrate, consider, complete, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, practice, prevent, resist, risk, stop, suggest, understand, allow等。 （二）考查动词不定式、动名词作宾语的用法。口诀：承认练习不禁考，否认推迟盼喜报抗议逃跑避冒险，想要成功戒借口建议感谢Miss熊 又谢又恨靠幻想注：禁止外传，否则不原谅承认(admit),练习（practice），禁不住（cant help/stand ），考（consider），否认（deny），推迟（delay），盼（ look forward to） 喜（enjoy ) 报（include）,抗议（ resist）逃跑(escape)避免（avoid）冒险(risk)，想要（feel like)， 成功（succeed) 介意（戒mind）借口（excuse），建 议（suggest）感谢（appreciate）miss，熊（bear），恨（ hate） . 心想，imagine/fancy）禁止（forbid）原谅（ forgive）2.考查动名词作短语动词和介词宾语的固定搭配。 1. (2008江苏卷)They are quiet, arent they?Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals.A. to talk B. to not talkC. to talking D. to not talking 2. (2006重庆卷)Isnt it time you got down to _ the papers. A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking 3. (2006江西/改错)Im looking forward to hear from you soon. 1. 常见的短语动词有：put off, give up, cant help, cant stand, feel like, insist on, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent(from), keepfrom, stop(from), protectfrom, set about, be engaged in, spend(in), succeed in 等。 2. 下列短语中的to 为介词，后面只能接动名词或名词：look forward to, be familiar to, oweto, put ones mind to, turn to, get down to, attributeto(归因于）, live up to, in relation to, admit to, be devoted to, owing to, thanks to, object to, be accustomed to等。 hearing3.考查不定式作某些及物动词宾语的固定搭配。1. I dont want _like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the manager s plan is unfair.A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 2. I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works.A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop常见的能接不定式作宾语的及物动词有：afford, agree, ask, arrange, attempt, beg, begin, choose, claim, determine, decide， dare, desire, demand, expect, fail, forget, hate, hope, manage, intend, learn, help，like, long, mean, need, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, seek, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, seem, tend, threaten, volunteer, want, wish等。4.考查某些动名词和不定式作宾语意义的差别。1. Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice!A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking 2. If you think that treating a woman well means always _ her permission for things, think again.A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting接不定式或动名词意义有差别的动词： 1.forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做); forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做) 2. remember to do sth.记着去做某事(未做); remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做) 3. stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事; stop doing sth.停止做正在做的某事 4. regret to do sth.对尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遗憾; regret doing sth.对已做的事情表示后悔 5. try to do sth努力去做某事; try doing sth.做某事试一试 6. mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事; mean doing sth.意味着做某事1. If theres a lot of work _, I am happy to just keep on until it is finished. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing 2. The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving （三）考查不定式,现在分词,过去分词作定语的用法。不定式作定语,不定式与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般 式表示将来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在 谓语动词之前发生。当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词是不定式 动作的承受者时，不定式一般用被动语态，但to blame的主动 形式表示被动意义。 1.There are hundreds of visitor _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait 2. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students_Chinese in the school, most _were from Germany. A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作或与谓语动词所表示 的动作同时发生。被修饰的名词就是该现在分词的逻辑主语， 逻辑主语是现在分词表示的动作的执行者。单个现在分词作定 语前置，现在分词短语作定语后置。（三）考查不定式,现在分词,过去分词作定语的用法。过去分词作定语，表示完成或被动的动作,与被修饰名词为 被动关系。被修饰名词是动词的宾语。过去分词做定语相当于 一个含被动语态的定语从句。单个词放在所修饰词前，短语放 在所修饰词后。 1. Throughout history, the language _ by a powerful group spreads across a civilization A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to be spoken 2. It is one of the funniest things _ on the Internet so far this year.A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found 3. The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. bein