l考点一： 原级比较一般用 as as ； not so as ； the same as ； l 特殊结构 A is to B what / as X is to Y ； A+倍数或几分之几 as + adj. / adv. + as +B. l The work is not as difficult as you think. l Air is to us as water is to fish. 我们与 空气的关系就像鱼和水的关系。 l This book is twice as thick as that one.l考点二：比较级常用结构 A 比较级 than + B l 特殊结构：the more the more （越 越）； more and more （越来越） l This question is less difficult than that that question. （比较对象为彼此独立的 人或事物） l Iron is more useful than any other metal. （比较对象具有所属关系， 含有最高 级含义） l The city is becoming more and more beautiful.l考点三：以拉丁文-ior结尾的含有比较意义的 形容词后接to 而不是than. 这些词是： l superior， inferior ， senior ， junior ， major ， minor， anterior， prior（在 之前） ， l posterior （在之后） l He is three years senior to me. l This type of computer is superior to that type.l考点四：最高级用于三者以上的事物之间的比 较，所以比较的范围自然是少不了。一般表示 地方用介词in； 表示所属关系和人物比较用 介词 of. （ 即the +最高级in /of ） l The Yangtze River is the longest river in China, but it is the third longest river in the world. l The youngest member of the family is most successful. l Of all forms of energy， electricity is most widely used.l考点五：在 more than 结构中， than 有时 可看作关系代词，相当于than what l There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than exists in the public mind today. （Than = than what） l 人们不应该像今天这样担心害怕患上癌症 。 l There are more wonders in heaven and earth than are dreamt of. （ than=than what） l 天地间的奇迹比人们所梦想的要多得多。 l The medicine is more effective than is expected.l考点六：英语中有一小部分表示绝对意义的形 容词没有比较级和最高级。如： l dead， deaf， empty， total， whole ， perfect， complete， right， wrong， equal， daily, false， final l absolute， alone， round， pregnant ， square， supreme， unique， straight ， eternal， unanimousl考点七：几组由 “more than ；more than” 和“no / not 比较级” 等构成的惯 用句式及其含义。l more than 其含义为： “不仅是， 非常， 十分”等， 用法和意义较多。 l more than 其含义可以是： “与其说不如 说， 不是而是” l What we are doing today is more than donating some money. l 今天我们所做的不只是捐一些钱。 l Their action was more than justified. 他们的 行动是完全有理由的。 l He is more brave than wise. 他有勇无谋。 l The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammer. l 这本书看起来与其说是一本语法书，不如说是一 本词典。l no more than 强调少，意为“只有，不过，仅仅” l not more than 客观叙述，意为“不超过” l He has no more than five dollars on him. l 他身上仅有5美元。（强调少） l He has not more than five dollars on him. l 他身上带的钱不超过仅有5美元。（强调数额少 于5美元） l no more than含有消极否定的意思，可译为 “A与B都不，不 也不” l not more than 含有积极、肯定的意思，表示 程度上的差异。 l He is no more diligent than you. l 他不勤奋，你也不勤奋。（两人都不勤奋） l He is not more diligent than you. l 他没有像你那样勤奋。（两人都勤奋，但你更勤 奋）l no less than = as much as 意为：“竟有之多，多达 ”强调多 l not less than 意为“不少于，至少”，可观地描述 l no less than 前后均为肯定，含有惊奇的感情 色彩。可译为：“是是， 正是， 和 一样， 多达， 应有之多” l His son has read no less than 50 English books. l 他的儿子竟然读了50本英文书。（强调多） l His son has read not less than 50 English books. l 他的儿子读了不少于50本英文书。（不强调多或少 ） l The middle-aged man was no less a person than the new minister. l 这位中年人正是新来的部长。 l Her voice is no less sweet than it used to be. l 她的歌声和以前一样甜美。非谓语动词l非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词 ）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即： doing , done , to do , doing 。 l 现在分词 doing : 有being done（被动式） ; having done （完成式）; having been done （完成被动式） 不定式 to do : 有to be done （被动式）; to have done （完成式）; to be doing（进行 式） 动名词 doing : 有having done（完成式）; being done（被动式） ; 非谓语动词的特点 l三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们 没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的 状语或有时跟宾语。它们都有各自的特征：分 词具有形容词和副词的特征；动名词具有名词 的特征；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特 征。具体来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表 语、状语或补足语等；动名词在句子中可以做 主语、宾语、表语等；不定式在句子中可以做 主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。 一、 动词不定式 l1To learn a foreign language is difficult. 2 His wish is to be a driver. 3Tom wanted to have a cup of beer. 4The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 5I have nothing to say. 6They went to see their aunt. 7Its easy to see their aunt. 8I dont know what to do next. 9I heard them make a noise. 掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题 l1 “to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短 语中的to 都是介词。 object to, close to, come to, lead to, refer to, equal to, familiar to, point to , thanks to , devote to, next to, belong to , be used to, look forward to l2 带to 还是不带to I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom . （ 但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .） l3 动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记 的。但是有时用of . Its necessary for you to study hard . Its foolish of him to do it . 与of 连用的形容词有： good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible l4后接不定式作宾语的动词有： want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc 需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接 做介词的宾语，而要用it做形式宾语。例如： 通常不说We think to obey the laws is important . 而说We think it important to obey the laws . l5不定式的省略。下列短语中，如果意义明 确，常常省略到to 。 want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , ought to , need to , used to