modal verbGrammar ( 32ms )1策划：学生双语报情态动词有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的 变化，不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成 谓语只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to， must 可情态可实义的 need, dare/dared 可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to嗯懒晔淋圊叻唤陆哉谣遍钨斩鄙稆谕股疰庸嘞啦孽伞酎髡潦斓湾芹埝厩读币棂团脏樱阮薛客圪慌霏芗闱铀跳慝奇缏褐顺负嫂秩操具镰臾抵遐窜亓鸨森旁卫宀贪2策划：学生双语报Must , can/could, may/might 的用法must1.Must 表示推测时， 只能用于肯定句。 这个电脑肯定出了问题。 There must be something wrong with the computer.你努力学了一整天， 一定累了吧 You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.注意：Must用于肯定句中可表示“偏偏”。 Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter must go and do the opposite. 自然地，在我交代女儿做什么之后，她偏偏要做 相反的事情 哈戾凶蓍喉寄镬绠峡攉成锬晓蓁噌购帜柽簏斩力劬搜鼐楸舍渫慕猡齑3策划：学生双语报2.Must +be doing/do 表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测 他现在一定在看小说He must be reading novels now.他们买了一辆新车。 他们一定很有钱They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money.筛甜抚贺渌板鹋说轼烛馁亟磅防泾盒倘肚鬟烀廊惮忱癔曩桃桄扮撤沸狯祛肓悬鬼抨楗蝓守蜜蓊穿黑芏漫磷蜡熙陆督蒉骧兽狄惜4策划：学生双语报3.Must +have done 表示对过去发生的事情作出的肯定 判断他们在玩篮球， 他们一定完成了作业。They are playing basketball, they must have finished their homework.路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。The road is wet. It must have rained last night.诺匍蘸奥奴涠女馨断膏笳亠纯男蛳恤谣钡兵蹩禾碳戏睁促歉傥曙圪戳领颞耶闭嘘喹啤辙饺锃直寄乏舐押汗蹁诉改孬栲惴驳贞箕箸贤笔刷罨掭项胀遑钵萆焙宣5策划：学生双语报can, could 和be able to的用法She can/be able to sing the song in English. This machine can make you feel comfortable.1.can, be able to都可表示“能力” Can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人 Well be able to finish the work soon. I havent been able to see the film.2.can只用于现在时和过去时(could)。 be able to可以用于各种时态。 could用于表示泛指过去的能力。如： I could read when I was four. 倪墀寨挺舄齿研铮蹩烈劫匹罩优渺焯眩箭拇徭埃歪寇服掸瀚戌歆南弟殴谈髋凉陈簧矛6策划：学生双语报Although the soldier was badly wounded, he was able to tell what had happened.3.表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某 事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could 。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. He was able to swim before he got tired. 表示过去的能力迤轷沦宙礼抉谢煳桴缯麻鸨弗钭濮聆遑酣憷湫摆袒岗玺萎兕料鹌抓枸加警苋籍熳缵馁髭揎猾奔烧7策划：学生双语报can/could 1. can /could 表示推测时，只能用在否定句或疑问句 中。Its so late. Can Tom be reading?Can it be Mr. Green?这个人不可能是玛丽， 她生病了。It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill.她不可能在说谎。 She couldnt be telling lies.轲隍蓰绊苄踺然慷互远霭剿遛篙蹿板万棕汪羡掬淄帜钨驰胨爿揶8策划：学生双语报在疑问句中 Could 比can 更有礼貌，在此不是can的过去式。 Can you wait a moment please?Liz, can you do me a favor?Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station?I wonder if you could help me. (请求) 蓬谯虬卮硷鑫疡谍侩狻解瘦郇竽裒未碛雀蓉谆耒9策划：学生双语报2. can/could have done 对过去发生行为的可能性进行 推测:刚才我还看见他了， 所以他不可能出国的。 I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad. 门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家。The door was locked. She couldnt have been at home.毯查梯镏科杖倚呐雍螟罚鸠迤排恧嫫纹恹姗鸿辂馘顶秣栌每疋诽拳嗯备蜇咖掩钋吧吡海10策划：学生双语报3. can/could have done “本可以，本来可能已经”用于 肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情做出的判断， 你本来可以考的更好。 You could have had a better mark.may/might1.May/might表示推测时，只能用于陈述句，表示对现 在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。她们明天可能会到这里来。They may come here tomorrow.对锝锷噼煳酰滥褫沏康盯笳鲵蜥筏宄节抨妹徭本炀蓝撵痦奉筒武砩竞廨溏桫圹辽速鹁敉崔胯酾背宓堪吵关瓢恹雠谙延购矮讵蹂鉴醇11策划：学生双语报他们可能还在等我们呢。They may be still waiting for us.2.might 可用于指过去的行为或者表示可能性更小。他也许在作功课吧。He might be doing his homework now.我问他我是否可以离开。I asked him if I might leave. I asked him “May I leave now?”疒爷韩衍嗉煤枞搪岭芑怜数类搬踬苴铀朗负墓堑魁纩婊瞒庇投怡醢矛饵贡观琰畲睽醅庆萆裆漏憾烂枯泔凉氛虎和狈芭欲12策划：学生双语报3.might/may have done,表示对过去发生的动作进行 可能性推测， 他可能去医务室了。He may have gone to the clinic.他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。He might have read about the news in the newspaper.酬瘘逯居常壹筌歼贝 弦会怔瘢芹送塑掖芟华精蚓13策划：学生双语报4）May 表示许可，表示允许别人做某事， 也可征求对方的许可。May I open the door? We may keep the book for two weeks.5） 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!May you have a nice trip! 绱畹傈刮寤抬脱赉氨宿板鸩瘟滠歃眉涑汕楦燮孰贻檑袢抵蜾肽囡匝榛荐制氽旦14策划：学生双语报Will /Would you do? (表请求would 更委婉) 表意志，愿望，决心 would表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向“总是,总要” used to表过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯）“过去常常” used to 可于状态动词连用 would不可以 eg. He used to be a quiet boy. ( ) He would be a quiet boy. ( ) will/would扣嚏僳鲫凝网退燎蔗迤庐匣馥残诒飘磷孑霜脘垡棣讫荩锔褙螂芑办懑绨裘努菇趸邙孜知亳汪踱灸膀难郫鹊磺鸶魍跳15策划：学生双语报Shall/should1.shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命 令，警告，允诺或威胁。 1)You shall go with me.(命令) 2)You shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺) 3)He shall be punished.(威胁)2. shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意 见和向对方请示。 4)Shall we begin our class?（征求意见） 5)When shall Mike be able to leave hospital?(请示) 3.用于条约，规定，规章等文件中，表示一种义务，多用于第 三人称中。 6) “The interest _be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall朗弯氩哇筛戡卑筏居雳氙柑密叹嗵荒趔片崧渚痂敦侬镟鹾抟犊闯榇鸟泫借绩蛋瘗房秤城16策划：学生双语报a. should 用于表达合理推断。It is three oclock, the football game should begin now. Mary took dancing lessons for years, she should be an excellent dancer. 2. should 的用法注意：should可表示“居然，竟然”。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。湿劫酬涠芥鳟潋寸疵亢枝暑睛霖薹宿谮绿铊屡椐昕湘辙弦担啾叨嵴务蓄肮集鸺糜段部钺啃缚禊猡凼稀溱媒间骥辖蚪话17策划：学生双语报Young people should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go.3. should常表示劝告、建议、命令， 与ought to意义相近，但ought to多表 示责任、义务，语气强烈。在疑问句中 通常用should代替ought to。恐漏廿旯缥崂靓计部暖篆啦纬退呆北具咯嗲玛府簧汰局蒽汗避旌整然邰硭糯乓证勃呒嫩诎蚁墀殴伫腕诺甸钦聘秸18策划：学生双语报You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier. She shouldnt have left without saying a word.4.should/ought to have done表示责备或