华中科技大学博士学位论文易腐物品物流网络服务设施选址问题研究姓名：张敏申请学位级别：博士专业：管理科学与工程指导教师：杨超20060427I摘 要 易腐物品物流系统服务设施选址问题研究如何选择设施的数目和最优位置来为用户提供相应的服务， 选址决策正确与否主要取决于选址决策后能否带来经济利益、效用、个人或社会的满足以及社会价值等。本论文以物品的易腐特性为切入点对网络选址中的诸多问题进行了创新性的和基础性的研究。 论文首先介绍了选题的背景、意义和创新之处。文中给出易腐物品的定义及分类，介绍了易腐物品选址问题广泛的应用背景；并结合当代世界的经济、技术竞争环境及消费观念的变化，论述了选题的重要意义，提出了本研究的主要目标和内容。 其次，论文总结了选址理论的产生、发展及国内外研究现状，总结了国内选址 理论研究的特点和不足之处，介绍了应急系统基本选址模型、分销系统基本选址模型以及危险品集成物流系统基本选址模型，并介绍了选址问题中经常应用到的几种启发式算法。 第三，论文从易腐物品的定义和分类出发，给出易腐物品生命周期函数的定义，分析了易腐物品生命周期函数的选用及拟合原则，详细说明了生命周期函数在选址问题中应用技巧和选址模型构建技巧。 第四，论文分析了易腐物品应急系统优化的特点，将应急系统划分为公共应急服务系统以及私营应急服务系统这两个部分展开研究。在公共应急服务系统中研究了给定限期条件下易腐物品应急服务设施选址问题；在盈利性质的应急服务系统中研究了带双重机率约束的应急服务设施选址问题。 第五，论文分析了易腐物品分销网络系统优化的内容和特点。以零售商满意度最大化为目标研究了面向零售商的供应链联盟伙伴选择模型，并研究了基于预算限制的易腐物品配送系统服务设施选址分配问题以及基于 AHP/DEA 分析的选址问题这两类选址问题。 第六，论文分析了易腐危险物品集成物流系统优化的内容和特点。研究了路网危险度瓶颈限制下危险品物流系统设施选址运输路线选择问题。定义路网危险度瓶颈限制的概念，对应路网危险度瓶颈限制引入安全费用非递减函数，并以成本、风险、风险公平性为优化目标建立问题模型。 最后对全文内容及研究结论和创新之处进行了总结，并对文中有待进一步深入研究的地方提出日后继续研究的方向和展望。 关键词：易腐物品 生命周期函数 物流网络 选址 IIAbstract Facility location problem of perishable products logistics network is to decide how to choose the optimal location strategy to serve the customers in the network. The location strategy lies on its economic profit, personal or social satisfaction and social value. This dissertation focuses on products perish ability and studies some kinds of location problems on network fundamentally with some innovative perspectives. Firstly, the thesis introduces the backgrounds, the significance, the innovative achievements and the motivations of choosing this topic. In this part, the definition and classification of perishable products is given in detail. After that, the broad usage of location research in perishable products logistics system is summarized. The magnificent significance is addressed and the main goal and contents of this thesis is presented by appraising contemporary world economy, international technology competitive environment and the evolution of consumption notions. Secondly, the thesis reviews the origination, evolution and the literatures of location theories, classifies the researches on location theory and analyzes the characteristics and insufficiencies of theoretic research of location in China. The thesis also appraises the basic location models of emergency system, distribution system and integrated hazardous materials logistics systems. Some heuristic algorithms that employed in network location problems are also introduced. Thirdly, according to the definition and classification of perishable products，the thesis defines lifecycle function of perishable products and analyzes the application skills of lifecycle function in location problems and modeling skills of location problems in perishable products logistics system based on the attentive scrutiny on the relationships of time satisfaction versus customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction versus customer retention. Fourthly, the thesis analyzes the characteristics of perishable emergency system and divides it into two parts, including public emergency system and private emergency system. In public emergency system, a location model of perishable emergency system considering a given deadline and logistics cost minimization is studied. In private emergency system, an emergency service location problem with bi- probability constrains is studied. Fifthly, the thesis analyzes the characteristics of perishable distribution network. A IIIretailer- oriented decision model for selecting cooperation partners in supply chain is studied which considering retailer satisfaction maximization as object. Two kinds of location problems are studied. One is l ocation- allocation model of perishable products distribution system based on budget limitation. The other is AHP based DEA analysis on logistics distribution centre location problem. Sixthly, the thesis analyzes the characteristics of integrated perishable hazardous logistics systems. A class of combined location- routing problems based on network risk bottleneck is studied. Network risk bottleneck limitation is defined. Security cost function is also defined. Cost, risk and risk equity are three objects. Finally, the thesis gives conclusion to the contents and the innovative achievements of the research, and presents the future scope, the purpose and the prospect of this topic in further studies. Key words: Perishable Products Lifestyle Function Logistics Network Location 独创性声明 本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知，除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、 使用学位论文的规定， 即：学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权华中科技大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。 保 密?，在_年解密后适用本授权书。 本论文属于 不保密?。 （请在以上方框内打“ v” ） 学位论文作者签名： 指导教师签名： 日期： 年 月 日 日期： 年 月 日 11 导 论 1.1 研究背景及意义 物流网络系统的形成顺应了经济快速发展，制造企业全球一体化以及电子商务技术广泛应用的总体趋势，并日益凸