南京工业大学硕士学位论文考虑施工影响的框架结构的有限元分析研究姓名：张卫东申请学位级别：硕士专业：结构工程指导教师：王振波20060610硕士学位论文 摘摘 要要 在目前的施工过程中，由于施工要求、技术条件、结构形式复杂性以及意外事故等等的限制， 所以在施工过程中就必须留置施工缝。 但在地震等荷载作用下，施工缝留置处就会成为薄弱环节，从而影响结构整体的抗拉、抗剪性能、抗震性能和耐久性。既然目前施工缝留置不可避免，就必须注意施工缝留置位置的合理性以及施工缝留置处施工质量的问题。 目前国内对于施工缝处的施工质量处理已经有了比较深入的研究和探讨， 但是对于施工缝留置位置的不同对于结构的抗震性能影响的研究却几乎没有， 这正是本文的主要研究内容。 本文研究主要建立在两榀框架（其中一个未设置施工缝，另一个按照目前的施工规范留置施工缝）在低周反复荷载下的试验基础之上，对两个框架的破坏形态、破坏机制、特征破坏、刚度退化等等进行比较，给出了施工缝的存在对框架结构抗震性能的影响， 并分别对不带有施工缝的框架和带有规范规定位置设置施工缝的框架结构进行非线性有限元分析。 在对不带有施工缝框架结构的模拟过程中，采取分离式建模，考虑了钢筋与混凝土之间的滑移，通过模拟结果与试验结果的比较确认所选单元、材料参数、破坏准则、收敛准则等等的可靠性，为下面对带有施工缝框架结构的有限元分析研究打下基础。 由于目前没有系统的关于施工缝受力机理和力学性质等等方面的理论， 本文尝试着探讨施工缝的受力机理和力学性质并据此选择弹簧单元组合模拟施工缝单元， 通过数值模拟结果与试验数据的比较分析，发现吻合较好，从而确认所选施工缝单元的可靠性和准确性，从而为下面进一步的研究提供技术支持。 关于施工缝单元的选择是本文研究的重要内容之一，研究内容之二是对带有改进施工缝位置框架结构进行有限元分析，在此基础之上，对所有框架的有限元分析结果在应力分布、滞回性能、骨架曲线等等方面进行深入的比较分析，从而给出施工缝的留置位置对抗震性能的影响。 通过比较分析显示，当框架结构每层施工缝不处于同一水平位置的时候，框架的抗震性能比带有传统施工缝框架有一定量的提高，本文通过等效应力分布图、滞回曲线、骨架曲线等等来说明。 本文解决了施工缝模拟的问题， 比较了施工缝留置位置不同的框架结构的抗震性能的影响， 确认了当每层施工缝的留置位置不处于同一水平面时混凝土的抗震性能强于带有传统施工缝的框架结构，为混凝土施工缝理论研究、具体留置位置和工程设计施工提供了一定的参考。 关键词关键词：施工缝 抗震性能 低周反复荷载 滞回性能 I ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Because of various structure form、technology condition 、the demand of construction and something else, construction joints can not be avoided in reinforced concrete frame structure in currently construction way. The indwell of construction which is a weak position under earthquake loads will be a vulnerable place, and construction joints influences resist-tensile、 resist-shear and enduring. So construction joints can not be avoided, the rationality of position of construction joints and the quality of construction joints should be considered seriously. So far, the indwelling principle and treating ways of construction joints have been deeply and studied all over the world, but the paper which is about the reinforced concrete frame structure behavior of resisting earthquake to with construction joints in different positions is very fewer. Based on the experiment of two reinforced concrete frame under low reserved cyclic loads, which one is constructed with construction joints in normal construction way, the other one is constructed without construction joints, failure pattern、failure mechanism、 characteristic load、 rigidity degeneration 、 seismic behavior of frame etc are studied deeply and comparatively. It is confirmed that construction joints have strong influence on seismic behavior of reinforce concrete frame. In the process of simulation,the slippage between concrete and steel is considered and other are considered. Through the comparison between the results of experiment and simulation, the element of concrete and steel、the criterion of crack are thought to be due,which will be help for the following study. Because it gas not a systemic theory of consturuction joints ,the theory of conxtruction joints is studied simplily in mechasim and property of construction joints. Based on these,the construction jonts can be simulated easily. Through the comparation between results of simulation and experiment ,it is founded that the results is very closed to the results of experiment.So the element of construction joints can be fixed. This is one primary study of this paper., the other primary study is the difference of behavior of resisting earthquake of reinforced concrete frame with construction joints in different positions And then , the results of simulating reinforced concrete frame with construction in different positions or without construction joints are compared deeply and comparatively, and the influence of behavior of resisting earthquake about the position of construction joints in reinforced concrete frame is given finally. Through the seismic behavioral comparison of three reinforced concrete frame, it is known that the frame with construction joints which is not on a plane in a floor has stronger behavior of resisting earthquake than the frame with construction joints which is on a plane in a floor. This result can also be seen through the comparison of hysteretic curve 、skeleton curve、rigidity degeneration etc. In this paper , the problem of simulation of construction joints is resolved, and the behavior of resisting earthquake of frame with construction joints is compared. It is may be a help for the research of construction joints in reinforce concrete frame and for construction and design of engineering. II 硕士学位论文 KEYWORDS: Construction joints；Seismic behavior；Low reserved cyclic loads； Hysteretic behaviorIII 硕士学位论文 第一章 绪论 1.1 钢筋混凝土结构研究和存在的问题 钢筋混凝土结构研究和存在的问题 钢筋混凝土是由钢筋和混凝土两种不同的材料所组成的 1。 钢筋混凝土结构由于强度高、可模性好、造价低等优点，在我国建筑业中被广泛使用，公共建筑及绝大部分高层建筑均为钢筋混凝土结构。 但是由于钢筋混凝土材料性能的特殊性和复杂性，所以钢筋混凝土结构的研究存在着许多复杂的因素，主要包括2-3： 1、钢筋混凝土结构所用的材料：钢筋与混凝土。 2、钢筋混凝土结构中存在微裂缝：混凝土本身是由水、砂石骨料和水泥，有时还有其他外加剂复合而成。在混凝土硬化以后，在混凝土中仍留有自由水和孔隙，甚至还有未水化的水泥颗粒，从而不可避免的形成很多微裂缝。 3、在荷载作用下，一般钢筋混凝土结构是带裂缝工作的。混凝土中的裂缝随荷载的增加而不断发展。 4、混凝土的变形是与时间有关的，如收缩和徐变。 5、钢筋与混凝土之间的粘结关系非常复杂。 6、钢筋本身的非弹性性能。 尽管有着这些复杂的因素的影响， 但国内外学者近年来在混