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TEM 4作文、便条 考试大纲要求测试目的:按照英语专业基础阶段英语教 大纲的要求,检查学生在基础阶段末期的 英语写作能力。测试题型:主观题 Section A: Composition(15分) Section B: Note-writing(10分) 考试要求:根据所给的题目和列出的写作 提纲或图表、数字统计表等写一篇200词 的短文,内容切题完整、条理清楚、结构 严谨、语法正确、语言通顺恰当。考试类别:有说明文、议论文或记叙文。Section A: 作文大纲要求考试时间:为35分钟。特点:典型的三段式命题作文分类(1995-2008):A. 立场选择型 (共出现5次,占36%) B. 解决问题型 (共出现3次,占21%) C. 观点给定型 (共出现4次,占29%) D. 对比比较型 (共出现2次,占14%)专四作文特点和分类专四历年作文常考题材及题型分析题材主要分布在三个方面:a. 大学学习生活 b. 大众生活 c. 社会现象和问题n年份主题题或题题目题题材体裁题题型1995The Advantage and Disadvantage of Part-time Job学生业业余 生活议论议论 文D对对比比较较 型1996The Main Difference between My College Life and My Middle School Life学生生活说说明文D对对比比较较 型1997More Pressure from Academic Studies does (or does no) Good to Us学生学习习议论议论 文A立场选择场选择 型1998One Way to Solve the Pollution环环境说说明文B解决问题问题 型1999A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television社会现现象议论议论 文A立场选择场选择 型专四历年试题一览n 年份 主题题或题题目题题材体裁题题型2000The Importance of Extracurricular Activities学生生活说明文C观点给定 型2001Travel Broadens the Mind大众生活说明文C观点给定 型 2003The Importance of Keeping A Good Mood大众生活说明文C观点给定 型 2004Will Phones Kill Letter Writing?社会现象议论 文A立场选 择型 2005My Idea of A University Arts Festival校园文化 生活说明文 B解决问题 型2006Saving Money or Using Tomorrows Money?大众生活议论 文A立场选 择型2007Is It Wise to Make Friends Online?大众生活议论 文A立场选 择型2008The Benefits of Volunteering 学生生活说明文 C观点给定 型A. 立场选择型立场选择型作文的标志十分明显,即 “二选一”,也就是“which one do you prefer”的问题。写作技巧:首先对要评论的事物或现象进行整体 介绍,继而提出自己的观点;然后用一到 两个论证来支持自己的观点;最后表明自 己的观点或结论历年A立场选择型作文考题1997:More Pressure from Academic Studies does(or does no)Good to Us1999:A Major AdvantageDisadvantage of Advertising on Television2004:Will Phones Kill Letter Writing?2006:Saving Money or Using Tomorrows Money?2007:Is It Wise to Make Friends Online?2008: Should College Students Hire Cleaners?2009: Will Tourism Bring Harm to the Environment?99真题写作示例COMPOSITION: We see advertisements on television every day. Some people think that TV advertising brings us benefits, but others dont think so. What is your opinion? Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:A Major AdvantageDisadvantage of Advertising on TelevisionYou are to write in three paragraphs:nIn the first paragraph, state just ONE major advantage or disadvantage of TV advertising.nIn the second paragraph, give one or two reasons to support your point of view. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.A型作文写作技巧第一段:提出观点 罗列观点一和二,简述其理由;阐明作者的观 点,二选一第二段:论证 陈述我的两个理由,分别举例说明第三段: 总结 对前文进行总结,再次强调“我”的观点(可以 换一种陈述的方法或进一步深化主题)B. 解决问题型此类考题就是首先提出问题,然后要 求考生提供一个较好、相对有效的解决途 径,并加以解释或论证,也称“how to” 结构。B.历年解决问题型作文考题1998: One Way to Solve the Pollution2002: The Best Way to Stay Healthy2005: My Idea of A University Arts FestivalB.解决问题型作文基本结构第一段:提出观点指出普遍存在的观点或现象;提出白己的观 点,即文章的论点;过渡句,转向观点的论证 ,比如给出两个论据。第二段:论证列举论证 论据一; 列举论证论据二第三段:观点总结段承接上文,重申观点,表达应该坚持该观点 或采取与该观点相符合的做法 C. 观点给定型该类作文是先提出一个话题,并给定了 关于这个话题的一种明确的观点,要求考生 以这个给定的观点作为文章的论点进行论证 。C. 历年观点给定型作文考题:n2000: The Importance of Extracurricular Activities n2001: Travel Broadens the Mind n2003: The Importance of Keeping A Good Mood n2008: The Benefits of VolunteeringD.对比比较型该类作文的出题方式有:一种是先给 出一个事物的话题的两个方面,然后分析 对比两个观点的优缺点,通过比较和对比 ,从而指出自己的喜好;另一种方式是对 两个事物或话题进行讨论,比较两者的相 似之处,然后指出自己的爱好。D. 历年对比比较型作文考题:1995:The Advantage and Disadvantage of Part-Time job1996:The Main Difference Between My College Life and My Middle School Life 作文评分标准采用整体评分法:即按照考生在四个 方面的表现,把作文归入正确的档位,然 后再按照总体印象适度微调。四个分数段 档位见下表:n分数段切题题、结结构、内容和语语法 14-15分语语言通畅畅,内容充实实,词汇词汇 丰富,观观点明确,条 理清楚,结结构正确,字数180-250之间间。 12-13分语语言通畅畅,内容充实实,词汇词汇 丰富,观观点明确,条 理清楚,结结构正确。有少量语语言错误错误 。 8-9分观点清晰,条理清楚,语言通畅,结构正确。但 语言简单,有一些语法及拼写错误或有部分跑题 。 6-7分文章基本切题,结构不符合要求(Introduction, body 和ending 比例不当),语言不够通畅,语法 错误很多。句间逻辑 推理不够明确或跑题。 2008年作文评分标准:2008其他评分要求:a. 作文以“我”、“我们”来写,均切题;一 部分以我/我们来写, 一部分以社会来写, 属于部分跑题,最高11分。都以社会来写 ,属全部跑题,最高9分。 b. 自拟题目不管正确与否,不扣分。 c. 字数少于170或者多于250,扣1分;多 于300,扣2分。样卷模板 A Major Advantage of Advertising on TelevisionPara.1: Putting forward your own opinion:When it comes to advertising on television, different people will offer different opinions. Some people take it for granted that advertising on television can promote consumption while others hold that TV advertising spoils their time. As far as Im concerned, I think TV advertising benefits producers and consumers greatly in the following two ways. Para. 2: Supporting your opinion with examplesOn the one hand, it is an efficient way for manufacturers to publicize their products. The information carried by the advertisement on a particular brand is usually short but rich, straightforward but impressive. Generally, the advertisement will promote the popularity of a particular commodity, and thus increase the sale.On the other hand, for consumers, the advertisement provides rich information and offer them more chances to consume. Its also a good way for them to learn about a particular product . Without TV ads, customers will have less alternatives when buying commodities. People will also be
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